We live on a very beautiful planet – on the Earth. Our planet has very rich
resources: the bright blue of the sky, fresh, crystal-clear mountain lake
water, the rich green of the mountains slopes, wild flower, picturesque views –
all these sceneries of nature fill us with admiration.
That’s why
those who live in cities prefer spending their days off and their holidays far
from the noise of the city, to be closer to nature. Perhaps they like to
breathe fresh air or to swim in clear water because the ecology is not so poor
as in the cities.
Ecology is the
study of the ways in which organisms (plants and animals) depend upon each
other and upon their surroundings. Each organism requires conditions in order
to be able to live and breed. These conditions are its environment by changing
the ecological conditions.
So, pollution
is one of the most burning problems of nowadays. Now millions of chimneys,
cars, buses, trucks all over the world exhaust fumes and harmful substances
into the atmosphere. These poisoned substances pollute everything: air, land,
water, birds and animals people. So, it is usually hard to breathe in the large
cities where there are lots plants. Everything there is covered with soot and
dirt. All these affect harmfully.
Water
pollution is very serious, too. Ugly rivers of dirty water polluted with
factory waste, poisoned fish are all-round us. And polluted air and poisoned
water lead to the end of the civilization. So, nowadays a lot of dead lands and
lifeless areas have appeared. Because our actions and dealings can turn the
land to a desert.
So, we see
that our environment offers an abundance of subject matter for discussion. The
problems and prospects of the blue planet interest not only scientist and
futurologists, but also politicians, industry, the public – and above all,
young people! There is hardly a young person who is not conserved with the
preservation of our natural habitat. To recognize environmental problems and
master them, to reduce and avoid environmental pollution, to discover and
develop ecologically sound technologies – there are the essential building
blocks for our future.
Whether
scientist or politicians, bankers or student, whether Greek, Norwegian,
Hungarian or Finn … all are encouraged to make a contribution towards
protecting the environment. Dedication and the courage to change one’s way of
thinking are called for.
We are to
stop pollution. So, we can grow plants and trees, to purify waste, to start
urgent campaigns in order to preserve environment For example, in 1989 in
Australia, Sydney. In a year the same kind of action was held all over
Australia and it was called “Clean up Australia” the following years 110
countries hold the similar actions within the ecological program of the UNO.
Nowadays
there are many different pressure and interests groups in British, which try to
find solutions to the problems of pollution at the national and international
level. So they are groups of people with a common interest in trying to draw
the public attention to environment problems, to influence the government
decisions.
Greenpeace
is a very famous pressure group. It started functioning in 1971. Its
headquarters are at Amsterdam, but it operates in 25 countries worldwide. The
aim of Greenpeace is to protect wildlife of toxic wastes, nuclear tests.
“Friends of
the Earth” (FoE) is one of the British pressure groups with an international
reputation. Its general aim is to conserve the planet’s resources and reduce
pollution. FoE was established in 1971 and now it operated in 44 countries
worldwide. It campaigns among other things, for recycling and renewable energy,
and the destruction of wildlife and habitat. The main campaigning issues of the
FoE are:
·
The
protection of all animals and plants in danger of extinction.
·
An
end to the destruction of wildlife and habitats.
·
A
program of energy conservation measures, etc.
So, a number
of campaigns resulted in:
·
The
ban or other hunting in England and Wales
·
And
indefinite delay in the construction of the Commercial East Breeder Reactor,
etc.
But not only great groups can influence the problem of pollution. So, different
people have their own opinions on this problem:
·
The
continued pollution of the earth, if unchecked, well eventually destroys the
fitness of this planet as a place for human life. (B. Commoner).
·
The
Earth has enough for every man’s need, but not for man’s greed. (Ganlui).
And
I agree with them because it is really so. And terrible examples prove them.
The Baltic Sea is a special case. Because it is
such a small sea and it becomes dirty very easily. Its waster changes slowly
through the shallow straits. As many as 250 rivers run into the Baltic. There
are hundreds of factories in these rivers and millions of people live along
them. Quite a lot of big cities lie on its coast. All these combined with the
active navigation of the sea naturally affects the state of the sea water and
the shore line flora and fauna. People suffer from the waster pollution; cancer
deaths increase people’s concern.
And there is no escape from this ecological crisis without organizing a single
body dealing with the environmental problems, developing and carrying out a
nationwide program of environmental protection and co-operating with
international schemes.
Population Fears.
Scientists now predict that by the year 2050 the population will be doubled
what is today. The fact remains that the rate of food production fell behind
population growth in many of developing countries. The annual fish catch
already exceeds what the world ‘s oceans can successfully sustain. If we go on
using our natural recourses at today’s rates, we will have used up the intire
reserves of cooper, natural gas and oil by the year 2054.
But
the problem ahead lie not so much in what we use but in what we waste. What
faces us is not so much a recourse crisis as a pollution crisis. The only
solution is to try to change the areas of consumption, technology and
population. Changes in technology must be baked by slower population growth.
And it can be achieved by education in health and women’s rights. And there is
a little hope of reducing consumption over the next half century.
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