– The Wild Child Essay, Research Paper
Genie-The Wild Child
Genie was considered to be beautiful, fragile, and wild. She was born in April of 1957 in Los Angeles where she lived the first 13 years of her life tied to a potty chair, abused and lonely. She could not talk, walk, or even chew. Her arms and legs did not extend fully and she had vision to a distance of only 12 feet. Genie was considered a ?wild child.?
There is a great deal of evidence from the case that supports the nature and nurture theories of language development. Noam Chomsky once declared that we acquire language because it is in our genes, and that we are born with the principle of language. He suggested that we are born with an innate Language Acquisition Device, which is a mental program for how to deal with language. It provides infants with rules of grammar and semantics. Unlike Chomsky, Skinner believed in the nurture theory. He believed that we can explain language development with familiar learning principles, such as association, imitation, and reinforcement. Lenneberg combined both theories together. He agreed with Chomsky but stated that there is a deadline for acquiring language, or a ?critical period? in a child?s life. This critical period occurs around the same time as puberty, at about the age of 12-13. If a child has not been taught to speak by this ?period? it will never pass the 2-3 word telegraphic stage. Lenneberg had two different versions of his theory, a strong version and a weak version. The strong version stated that language will not and can not be achieved after puberty. The weak version said that language will not be achieved normally after puberty. Genie is a good example of the weak version of language development. She achieved telegraphic speech , but nothing more. She had a large vocabulary and could understand words but she could never properly learn grammar. Sentence structures, WH words, tense reflections, and transfers within statements were never correctly learned.
There are many pros of Genie?s case study. A case study is a in depth analysis of a person. It gives us details that no theory or guess can come close to. In Genie?s case study psychologists learned first hand the effects on a child if he/she does not acquire language by the critical period. Before Genie was discovered there were theories on language development, but no real proof. Chomsky, Skinner, and Lenneberg all had logical theories that made sense, but no evidence to back them up. Now we can conclude that Lenneberg had the best theory, since Genie did acquire telegraphic speech. Case studies provide us with large amounts of information, but they do have their cons. Every observation and every piece of information learned from a case study can be used to explain that person, and that person only. Case studies can not be generalized or applied to anyone else., since there is no proof that all children develop the same way as Genie would have. Since Genie had irregular sleep spindles in her brain waves she could have been brain damaged at birth.
Genie?s case study by far did not agree with the present APA ethical guidelines. Although none of the tests hurt Genie in any physical way, it is possible that they could have emotionally. All participants of experiments have the right not to participate. Genie did not have this opportunity, since she could not verbally communicate with the psychologists, and she did not understand what was going on. In my opinion they spent too much time testing Genie and too little time taking care of her. Riggler?s family took great care of her the 4 years she was with them, but then just abandoned her. She traveled from foster home to foster home, where she was beaten and harassed. Genie?s mother tried to sue the hospital and researchers for excessive and outrageous testing, but could not even take care of her daughter herself. Genie was treated more like an object than a human being.
In Piaget?s theory of cognitive development there are 4 stages; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete-operational, and formal operations. Genie never successfully reached the preoperational stage of 18 months-6 years. She did however, acquire things like accomidation, asssimulation, and object permanance in the first stage. Piaget?s theory revolved around the fact that children move through these stages or ?slots? in the right order at the right age. If Piaget was asked to explain Genie?s development he would most likely ignore the question, simply because since she didn?t ?fit? he wouldn?t have an explanation.
Vygotsky was more concerned with children and their interrelationships with social influences. His theory suggests that children can be guided by explanation, demonstration, and work, and can attain to higher levels of thinking if they are guided by more capable and competent adults. This is knows as The Zone of Promximal Development. The ZPD is the gap between what is knows and what is not known, that is, generally higher levels of knowing. Vygotsky would base Genie?s lack of development on the fact that she didn?t have anyone to be a role model, a good parent, or a teacher. She was unable to learn by explanation, demonstration, or work, because these things did not exist in her life. She had no one to watch and nothing to do all day, therefore she did not have the opportunity to develop cognition.
Другие работы по теме:
Каратыгин, Василий Андреевич
Василий Андреевич Каратыгин (26 февраля (10 марта) 1802, Санкт-Петербург — 13 (25) марта 1853, Санкт-Петербург) — знаменитый российский актёр, трагик, сын Андрея Васильевича и Александры Дмитриевны Каратыгиных. Дебютировал в 1820 году в петербургском Большом театре в роли Фингала (одноимённая трагедия В.
How to be happy in your family life
The relationships between man and woman. The conflicts in family and avoiding conflicts. The difference between fast food and homemade food. The communication between two or more people. Distinguishing of international good and bad superstitions.
Saint-Petersbourg
Le nom de Saint-Petersburg est liй aux pages glorieuses de l’histoire et de la culture de notre pays. C’est un grand centre culturel celebre dans le monde entier par ses musees, ses monuments et ses ensembles architectureau uniques. La Venise du Nord avec ses canaux et ponts innombrables. C’est un centre d’attraction pour les artistes et les createurs du mond entier et un des plus riches centres touristiques.
Christina Aguilera biography
In the two years from the day that she burst onto the world musical landscape, Christina Aguilera has scored four #1 smash hit singles, watched sales of her chart-topping RCA debut album surpass the 12 million mark worldwide (23 million CDs and singles total sold to date), headlined the Super Bowl Half-Time Show, performed for the President, and to top it all off, took home two Grammys including one for Best New Artist, headlined a mammoth 2000 international tour, released a Spanish language album, and a holiday album of seasonal favorites.
CD Burners
“Who Should Be Held Responsible” Essay, Research Paper CD Burners Who Should Be Held Responsible? In today?s world many people are using CD burners to copy Compact Disks (CD?s). The question is who should be held responsible, the companies that manufacture these devices or the people that use the devices to copy CD?s of friends and family members.
Cloning Issue Essay Research Paper Genesis 1119
Cloning Issue Essay, Research Paper Genesis 11:1-9 records the sad story of the building of the tower of Babel. That project stands out as the first chapter in a story that continues to this day,
Process Paper Essay Research Paper The birth
Process Paper Essay, Research Paper The birth of my son is the most incredible event in my life. Unfortunately, he didn?t come with an instruction manual; rather he seemed to come with a mother-in-law who knows everything. The joy of having my son was to some extent lessened because of the difficulties associated with changing his diaper.
Nuclear Weapons Essay Research Paper Even though
Nuclear Weapons Essay, Research Paper Even though the United States and Russia have just concluded the most far-reaching nuclear arms reduction treaty in history, the danger that nuclear weapons will actually be used is growing rather than declining. George Bush and Boris Yeltsin’s START II accord does represent an important step in winding down the U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms race (Fromuth, 1993).
Censorship And Music Essay Research Paper Censoring
Censorship And Music Essay, Research Paper Censoring Music from Our Children ?I will kill you, you don?t want to f*** with me, b**** I will kill you? (Eminem). Is this the type of music we want our children listening to? Unfortunately, these lyrics by popular music star Eminem are exactly what children today are being subjected to.
Head In The Clouds Essay Research Paper
You travel to distant worlds with the snap of your fingers. Worlds lush, rich, full of perfect love and unforgotten harmony Your imagination is a beautiful thing, yet it serves as your best friend.
Mother Comes Of Age Essay Research Paper
A Mother’s Transformation From Innocence to Knowledge Driss Chraibi’s Mother Comes of Age is an exceptional novel about an Arab woman seeking knowledge of the world. Despite the main character’s age, the novel can be described as a bildungsrowan because of her personal growth. This woman develops and matures from a secluded, uneducated woman to an informed activist, proving she is capable of anything.
Homecoming Essay Research Paper
“OO…it’s magic” captured the anticipation of the upcoming new millennium as the Homecoming theme. Whether as a spectator or as a participant, students celebrated their excitement as Homecoming week ended.
The Moviegoer By Walker Percy Essay Research
Paper In Walker Percy?s story The Moviegoer, Binx Bolling, a Stockbroker on the verge of turning thirty is on a quest. Set in 1960 New Orleans during Mardi Gras Binx, an upper class southern gentleman sets out to find out about himself. Answer questions that have tugged at his soul. Questions about despair, everydayness, religion and romance.
Deutsche Studenten Essay Research Paper Zweistckige Bungalows
Deutsche Studenten Essay, Research Paper Zweist?ckige Bungalows, die rund um einen kleinen Garten herum aneinandergereiht sind, mit B?umen und Sitzb?nken und einem Spielplatz f?r die Kinder der wenigen hier lebenden Familien. Bei diesem Wetter sieht es hier ein bisschen aus wie in einer Feriensiedlung am Mittelmeer.
A Zipper For PeeWee Essay Research Paper
Ethel O’ Grady History of Television December 3, 1996 A Zipper for Pee-Wee Herman: Leaders in childrens television are and always have been concerned about what
Three Wishes Essay Research Paper On an
Three Wishes Essay, Research Paper On an island, surrounded by miles and miles of water with no outside civilization to be found anywhere, lived four college kids: Chrissy Wood, Janet Snow, Jack Kline, and Larry Ritter. How they got there you ask? Here?s how.
Arabian Nights Essay Research Paper Throughout history
Arabian Nights Essay, Research Paper Throughout history there have been many tales passed down from generation to generation. Arabian Nights has been one of them. Arabian Nights contains an outer and inner framework. The outer consists of Scherazade telling stories to the Sultan each night to stay alive.
Thomas Mann Tonio Kroger Essay Research
Paper Thomas Mann wurde am 6. Juni 1875 in L beck geboren. Sein Vater war ein angesehener Kaufmann, K niglich Nierderl discher Konsul und sp ter Senator der Freien Hansestadt L beck. Seine Mutter kam aus S damerika. Thomas Mann hatte vier Gewischister. Sein Bruder, Heinrich Mann war auch ein ber hmter deutscher Autor.
Farewell To The Fiction In The Science
Of Cloning Essay, Research Paper In his 1930?s futuristic novel, Brave New World, Aldous Huxley predicted a society where the human race was created in a laboratory and carried to term in incubators. At the time it was regarded as being ludicrously impossible. The idea of cloning in the eighties required multiple reproductions of specialized cells.
To Eat Or Not To Eat Essay
, Research Paper To Eat or Not to Eat, That is the Question How often do you think of genetics or biotechnology as you are enjoying your favorite foods? Does gene splicing ever cross your mind as you slice tomatoes, or do you ever think about growth hormones as you sink your teeth into that juicy steak? Not very often if you are like most people, but perhaps you should.
Jennifer Lopez Essay Research Paper Jennifer Lopez
Jennifer Lopez Essay, Research Paper Jennifer Lopez was born in the Bronx, New York on July 20, 1970. She is the daughter of a computer specialist Kindergarten teacher. Lopez always knew se wanted to be a performer.
Internet And Economy Essay Research Paper The
Internet And Economy Essay, Research Paper The internet, the world wide data connection that has caught on like a wild fire sweeping through a parched California forest, has wide ranging implications on
Rick Pitino Biography Essay Research Paper Success
Rick Pitino Biography Essay, Research Paper Success is a Choice By Rick Pitino w/ Bill Reynolds The book that I read is about a great coach, and an unbelievable motivator, Rick Pitino. Pitino is most remembered for his incredible years as head coach of the Kentucky Wildcats. In 1996 he led them to a national championship and in 1997 he led them to the final round.
Grandpa Essay Research Paper I knew him
Grandpa Essay, Research Paper I knew him as PaPa–not Grandad, Pops, or Grandpa, but Papa. As a little boy, he was the giant at the top of Jack’s beanstalk, Poppa Bear of the three bears, and the Genie in Aladdin’s magic lamp. He was my hero, my friend, and teacher of life. Once when I was little, he saved me from drowning in the ocean.
My Opinion On Life On Mars Essay
, Research Paper My personal opinion I always wished that I would live long enough to witness the discovery of alien life on another planet. I guess a genie somewhere in this small world heard me and granted my wish, well sort of anyway.
Bones In Space Essay Research Paper Bones
Bones In Space Essay, Research Paper Bones in SpaceHypogravitational Osteoporosis: A review of literature.By Lambert Titus Parker. May 19 1987. (GEnie Spaceport)Osteoporosis: a condition characterized by an absolute decrease in theamount of bone present to a level below which it is capable of maintainingthe structural integrity of the skeleton.
Агилера Кристина ( Christina Aguilera )
История Кристины Агилеры - это воплощение голливудской мечты. Дочь отца - военного и матери - пианистки скрипачки, которая гастролировала по Европе с Молодежным Симфоническим Оркестром, восемнадцатилетняя Кристина путешествовала по миру