Static And Lightning Essay, Research Paper
Lightning is a discharge of static electricity in the atmosphere, which causes a bright flash of light. When lighting goes through the air, it heats the air to degrees hotter than the sun’s surface about 50,000 degrees fahrenheit. This heating causes the air to expand and contract. This causes the sound called thunder. Lightning is caused by a build up of negative ions in the atmosphere which discharges into the ground causing the negative ions to go with the positive ions in the ground.
Static electricity is negatively and positively charged atoms. A static charge on the other hand is a individual atom with a negative or positive charge. There are three types of charges negative positive and neutral. Negative and positive ions attract. But two negatives repel each other, just like two positives will. Neutrally charged ions can attract to both negative and positive ions, because they have and balanced charge of negative and positive ions, this means it has the same amount of negative and positive ions. This is where the following rule is true “opposites attract, and likes repel.” Static electricity is generated when two different objects are rubbed together and some electrons are stolen from one object and then start to collect on the surface of the other object. The object that loses electrons becomes positively charged, because electrons are negatively charged and there is an absence of electrons and too many protons.
Now because opposites attract and like repel the reason hair stands up when you rub something on it can be explained. When something is rubbed in a dry place, the thing takes electrons from your hair, leaving your hair with a positive charge it stands up as far away as possible from the other positively charged hairs. There reason there is little static electricity in areas with a high humidity, like the Virgin Islands, is because the humidity in the air is a conductor of electricity, so it helps trancfer the free electrons to an area that can accept electrons, like the earth so not many free electrons stay on any object that is saturated.
Static electricity can be use to do many things, one of these things is keeping down air pollution by putting an electrode in factory smoke stacks so that the dust will collect on the electrode.
Lightning and static can be hazardous. lightning is harmful, some people think it does not have any threat from a distance, like when a lighting storm is up to ten miles away. The most lightning strikes take place under the lightning storm where the rain is raining the hardest.
Signs to tell if lightning is going to strike in your area are, If your hair stands up you hear static popping or crackling, and if you feel you body tingle due to ions moving through your body the static on portable electronic things increases suddenly, you smell the smell of statically charged air, or you see static sparks sparking in the air around you. Things to do inside to keep from getting hurt while in a lightning storm are, get away from doorways outside, porches, windows, and good conductors of electricity. Avoid phones that are not cordless and if it is a cordless phone avoid it if it is on the cradle. Do not touch things that use electricity unless they are unplugged. Do not stand near or lay on concrete walls. Do not use a metal building for shelter. And don’t go into the basement because the electricity can travel through the ground. To not get hurt outside, go inside if you hear thunder, if the sky looks threatening, and stay inside for at least 30 minutes after the last sound of thunder. If you are caught outside and do not have shelter close to you during a lightning storm, you should crouch to the ground, get onto the balls of your feet, put your hands on your knees, put your head between your knees, make yourself as small as you can, and try to have as little physical contact to the ground as you can.
Static electricity has been known about for some time. Some time around the year 600BC the Greek Mathematician named Thales was might have been the first to record that amber rubbed with fur would attract small light objects. In 1733 C.F. de Cistenay Dufay named the two charges of static, resinous electricity due to too many electrons, and electron deficiency electricity. Now static electricity is discovered to be a source of many problems in industry.
. Static can cause problems in Industry, like in the production of plastic materials, and the transportation or use of flammable liquids. With the production of plastic materials the plastic can cause the production machines to clog, and thin strips of plastic to stick together and clog machines. With transporting or using flammable liquids a static spark can igniht a whole container of the liquid.
Some techniques were developed to help prevent static problems with the production of static , the two major techniques are chemicals, or the use of carbon and or metal fillers. With the chemical way of controlling static the chemicals are mixed with the molding palettes or powder. The second way is to apply the chemicals directly to the surface of the plastic that has the molding. These two chemical methods work, because they help distribute the static into the air, by increasing the conductivity of the plastic. With the metal/carbon filler method you mix in the metal or carbon pellets in with the molding pellets/dust. This way works because it helps bring up the conductivity of the plastic molded with the fillers. Although these techniques for getting of the static may sound good, there are drawbacks, like with all good things. The chemical method corrodes the machinery and lets bacteria and/or fungus to grow in the product or production equipment it also easily wear out. The metal/carbon filler has its own set of problems, They either work themselves out of the product, because the fillers don’t mix well with the plastic, and cause the work areas to get dirty (can be a major problem in some areas). The fillers also make plastic opaque, so that will make it difficult to track while being produced. This is bad because the product would need to be tracked to see how efficient the work is going.
There are three major techniques for preventing static electricity in the transportation storage transference and use of flammable liquids. The first way is by bonding two containers when transferring the liquid between them. What you do in bonding is you take something that can conduct electricity and you connect it between the two containers. What bonding is to do is make the static charges in the containers about equal, so that there will not be much static potential energy, and no sparks will form while transferring liquid, most of the transferring pumps that are made have special grounding things in their transfer hoses. Another way to prevent static electricity build up in the storage of conductive containers of the liquid is to ground them. You can ground things by connecting the containers on metal, or conductive material that is some how driven into the ground, but you must make sure that the container is in direct contact with the material or metal. The third way for controlling static electricity is by using non-conductive material so that it will be rather hard for any static to build up in the containers. There are some problems with these techniques though. The first two methods are not reliable because a good connection between to metal surfaces is hard to maintain, and the third method has some problems too, certain types of containers might not be able to take heat or shock.
There are some inventions made to make static electricity, like the Van de Graaf generator, AKA tin can generator, made by Dr. Robert Van de Graaf. This generator can generate some 100,000 to 10 million volts of electricity. Although this generator was made in 1935, it was not the first one. There were other static electricity generators like Von Busch’s generator, which was made in 1893, and is a generator made with two pulleys and a belt running between them, which rubs on a charge collector comb inside and a sphere that has been insulated. Another static electricity generator is Rouland’s generator. Rouland’s generator was made in 1785, this generator has a ribbon running between two pulleys with a charge collector tube in the middle. These three generators can be used to see how much static can effect some certain types of materials. The three generators might not work in humid places because the water in the air might help conduct the static charges to a place where they can easily be taken in by positively charged ions.
Lightning can be dangerous and may hurt you badly and even kill you if it gets to you, But all Lightning is, is a enormous charge of static electricity.
Static electricity can charge in many different places, as long as there is poor grounding, poor conducting and plenty of negative and positive charge ions to go transfer to and from. There will be static charges where ever more than one atom with at least two or more electrons and protons are, as long as they orbit each other and occasionally steal electrons from each other and then give them back, as long as this happens there will be static charges.
Index (in order of appearance)
Definition of Lightning, 1
What Makes Lightning, 1
What Makes Static, 1
Definition of Static electricity, 1
Uses for Static, 2
Lightning Safety, 2
Static History, 3
Static Hazards, 3
Static Prevention in Plastic Production, 3
Static Prevention in Fuel, 4
Static Generators, 5
Static Ideas, 5
Static and Lightning conclusion, 5
Bibliography
website: pluginstorage/html/save_the_boards.html
website: nws.noaa.gov/er/mhx/lightng.htm
website: nhoem.state.nh.us/mitigation/section_iii.htm
website: sciencemadesimple/static.html
website: jci.co.uk/ControlStatic.html
website: amasci/emotor/statelec.html
(used to get more resources)
website: nhoem.state.nh.us/mitigation/fig%203-16.htm
website: tqjunior.thinkquest/6064/history.html
website: idptech/static.htm
website: engr.uky.edu/ gedney/courses/ee468/expmnt/vdg.html
website: ronkurtus/physcien/staticexpl.htm
website: ccohs.ca/oshanswers/prevention/flammable_static.html
Другие работы по теме:
The Black Cloud Essay Research Paper Oh
The Black Cloud Essay, Research Paper ?Oh my God, anything but rain?, I whispered into the night air that suddenly turned cold. Although I knew that my prayers wouldn`t be heard I had to try, but the sound of thunder, that somehow resembled a laugh, turned my dim hope into pieces.
A Walk By The River Essay Research
Paper The sudden, swift, severe summer storm caught me totally unaware. I was walking down Old Salem Road when the clouds started to build. I looked around as I huddled under a large, dead oak tree.
Benjamin Franklin Essay Research Paper Franklin was
Benjamin Franklin Essay, Research Paper Franklin was born on January 17, 1706, in Boston. His father, Josiah Franklin, a tallow chandler by trade, had 17 children; Benjamin was the 15th child and the 10th son. His mother, Abiah Folger, was his father’s second wife. The Franklin family was in modest circumstances, like most New Englanders of the time.
Hell Bound Essay Research Paper There once
Hell Bound Essay, Research Paper There once was a man with a lot of trouble that followed him. It all started when he went fishing that one Friday afternoon. He was out in his boat and suddenly his fishing rod flew out of his hands. He grunted to himself and jumped in to go after he rod. All of the sudden this giant beast of a fish flew out of the water and tipped his boat over.
A Foul Mood Essay Research Paper The
A Foul Mood Essay, Research Paper The first scene in William Shakesphere?s, Macbeth, immediately sets the dark, evil, mood of the play by focusing the readers’ attention to the involvement and suspense of the supernatural. The
Frankenstein Reanimation Essay Research Paper Frankenstein ReanimationIn
Frankenstein: Reanimation Essay, Research Paper Frankenstein: Reanimation In the story Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, a mad scientist named Victor Frankenstein is intrested in natural philosophy. One day when Victor was fifteen, he saw lightning strike an oak tree, and blast the oak tree in half, leaving nothing but a stump in its place.
Act 1 Scene 1 Essay Research Paper
The first scene is very short, but full of impact. The thunder and lightning alone give it a dramatic opening, which grabs the interest of the audience, as it is representative of evil. These dramatic sound effects help to set the eerie and supernatural atmosphere that Shakespeare wanted to create along with the witches.
The Day The Devil Struck Heaven Essay
, Research Paper The Day The Devil Struck HeavenIt was a spooky night. The shutters slammed, the Lightning cracked, everything was terrible. Satin had risen from the dead for the final show down to try to break the pearly gates of heaven that stop him from resurrecting every angel. Satin and his crew of Devil’s began their fly through the sky towards heaven to invade heaven.
Ben Franklin Essay Research Paper Benjamin FranklinThe
Ben Franklin Essay, Research Paper Benjamin Franklin The founding father whom I most admire is Benjamin Franklin. The 15th child and 10th son of Josiah Franklin and Abiah Folger, he was born January 17, 1706 in Boston. Although he only spent one year in school during that time he rose from the middle to the head of the class.
Benjamin Franklin Essay Research Paper Benjamin FranklinDuring
Benjamin Franklin Essay, Research Paper Benjamin Franklin During the period after America’s “birth” there were many incredible people but none more so than Benjamin Franklin. Ben is considered one of America’s greatest citizens. He accomplished many things in his lifetime; he was a scientist, an inventor, a politician, a printer, a philosopher, a musician, and an economist.
Darryll Waltrip Essay Research Paper If you
Darryll Waltrip Essay, Research Paper If you want to see lightning and courage together watch Darrell Waltrip race a Nascar car. Darrell Waltrip was born on February 5, 1947, in Owensboro Kentucky, he is married to Stevie and they have 2 daughters 8 and 12. Darrell started racing in Winston Cup in 1972. He has been though many rough times during his career.
Nature In Macbeth Essay Research Paper Nature
Nature In Macbeth Essay, Research Paper Nature in Macbeth Macbeth, and all of William Shakespeare’s other works include several universal themes. Shakespeare incorporates these themes into his works to emphasize meanings and points. Several times in Macbeth nature is out of order which coincides with unpleasant events occurring.
Benjamin Franklin Essay Research Paper Ben Franklin
Benjamin Franklin Essay, Research Paper Ben Franklin was one of the most amazing men history has recorded. Throughout his lifetime he continued to increase his already genius-level intelligence. He had a high quality of life, was a popular political figure, and he strongly believed in his thoughts, beliefs, and ideas.
Ben Franklin Essay Research Paper
“If you would not be forgotten, as soon as you are dead and rotten, either write things worth reading, or do things worth the writing”. America has never forgotten Benjamin Franklin because he did both. He lived these
Duck Head Rock
? – “Nixon Head Rock” Essay, Research Paper Snow in the desert. Pine trees among the cactus. There are thunderstorms that you can see and hear but not feel. Your emotions run through your veins like your blood after a marathon. If there is another place like it in the world, I don’t know where it could be.
Acid Rain Essay Research Paper Acid RainAcid
Acid Rain Essay, Research Paper Acid Rain Acid rain forms high in the clouds in a gaseous form. Theses gasses stay in the atmosphere until they come in contact with rain that dissolves the gasses. A mild solution of sulfuric and nitric acid is formed. These drops fall to the earth and get into our water table beneath the surface.
X Ray Glasses Essay Research Paper Mike
X Ray Glasses Essay, Research Paper Mike once dreamed of owning x-ray glasses. When he was seven, a neighbor introduced him to comic books. When Michael Jackson was black, and Johnny Carson ruled late night TV, his world became one of super fantasy: flying men in bright underwear and capes, web shooters, supermen, and even a hero who would grow big and strong and turn green when he became angry.
Themes In Macbeth 2 Essay Research Paper
Themes in Macbeth While reading the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare I found four basic themes. First, The detrimental force humans have on nature. Second, the impact of manhood. Third, the different ways Shakespeare used masks. And finally, the theme created by light versus dark.
Ozonification In Water Treatment Essay Research Paper
Ozonification in Water Treatment Report Ozone is nature’s agent for cleaning and treating both air and water. That clean fresh smell in the air following a thunderstorm, the bright sky and brilliant colors of nature are due to ozone – created by lightning and the Sun’s energy. Ozone is a gas that is created naturally in our atmosphere when oxygen in the air is exposed to high intensity ultraviolet rays.
King Lear By William Shakespeare 1564
– 1616) Essay, Research Paper Since King Lear’s setting is pre-Christian Britain, some readers chafe under the sort of nihilistic fatalism that colors the characters’ thinking (”As flies to wanton boys we are to the
Anna Karenina Essay Research Paper Anna KareninaLeo
Anna Karenina Essay, Research Paper Anna Karenina-Leo Tolstoy It had grown quite dark and to the south, where he was looking, there were no longer any clouds. The clouds had passed over in the opposite direction. From there came flashes of lightning and the sound of distant thunder. Levin listened to the regular dripping of the raindrops from the lime trees in the garden and looked at the familiar triangle of stars and the Milky Way intersecting it in the middle with its branches.
Defintition Of History Essay Research Paper The
Defintition Of History Essay, Research Paper The statement ? History is nothing more than a collection of the static facts of the past; people who say history changes are terribly misguided? is incorrect. History is more than just static facts when ideas and concepts involved in history are understood and applied in life.
Technological Advances In World War 2 Essay
, Research Paper New advances in technology changed warfare in WW2. The change in technology since WW1 has produced such things as Atom Bomb, and new and improved sea and air warfare. New techniques had to be used because of technology, techniques such as ?mouseholing?. More people were killed because of technology, as more people died in WW2 than WW1.The technological advances in WW2 changed the battlefield completely as more deadly auxiliary was introduced.
The Storm Essay Research Paper The Storm
The Storm Essay, Research Paper The Storm The title of this story suggests a metaphorical connection between the storm outside and the storm of emotions going on in the individuals Calixta and Alcee. The intensity of their sexual act inside the house follows the pattern of the storm outside. Their passion climaxes and diminishes with the storm.
Greek Gods 2 Essay Research Paper Greek
Greek Gods 2 Essay, Research Paper Greek Gods Zeus is the king of all the gods. Zeus had to kill his father who eats Zeus s brothers and sisters, so that he can free them. He than had to marry his sister Hera. He was not always with Hera, but with mortal women. Hera the wife of Zeus is always jealous of Zeus sneaking of to another women and gets angry all the time.
An Other Eruption Essay Research Paper AN
An Other Eruption Essay, Research Paper AN OTHER ERUPTION? The January 13, 1999 a new volcano, a stratovolcano, erupted. This volcano is the Soufriere Hills on the island of Montserrat in the West Indies near Cuba and Barbados. Montserrat has three groups of mountains, the highest group is the Soufriere Hills his elevation is 915 meters in the southern part of the island.
Static Electricity Essay Research Paper Static ElectrictyStatic
Static Electricity Essay, Research Paper Static Electricty Static electricity is electricity at rest, which is an accumulation of electric charge. This source of energy is the opposite of moving electric charge, known as electric current. It is part of the study of phenomena resulting from electric charge, called electrostatics.
The National Enquirer Essay Research Paper The
The National Enquirer Essay, Research Paper The National Enquirer UFO causes a 40-car pileup The thunder and lightning that disturbed this cold dreary morning was caused by an unidentified flying object. Bob Thomas, a teacher at Orem High School, was driving on the freeway when he spotted a UFO He immediately called 911 on his cell phone.
Need For Speed Essay Research Paper Vroom
Need For Speed Essay, Research Paper Vroom, Vroom the engine roared as Damian Ziek revved the engine. He sped off the street in his new stolen Ferrari Modena. He flew down 81st street faster than lightning. He left two black trails behind his tires that will probably be embedded into the gravel.
Natural Forces Essay Research Paper Natural Forces
Natural Forces Essay, Research Paper Natural Forces A natural force is a power brought on by nature. Natural forces, unlike those of other powers, are uncontrollable. When a hurricane passes along the coast, a bolt of lightning strikes a rooftop, and a volcano erupts, these are all examples of natural forces.
Lightning Mine Vs Archangel Essay Research Paper
The Australian novel, Lightning Mine, covers the development of an iron ore mine on a sacred land guarded by Namarrkon in the Northern Territory. MDG/Global mining was very interested in the area, and sent their chief prospector, Aaron Shoemaker to investigate the land. Whilst Shoemaker is there, he sets off a chain of corporate and government tactics to ensure the development of the mine on the Aboriginal sacred site.
Ball Lightning Essay Research Paper Ball Lightning
Ball Lightning Essay, Research Paper Ball Lightning 59 Boules de Feu Dateline:04/17/00 Another startling sighting – and certainly one of the most detailed and scientifically credible – comes from Professor Roger Jennison (Department of Electronics, University of Kent) concerning his experiences on board a late-night flight from New York to Washington in March 1963.
Macbeth Essay Research Paper Shakespeare
Macbeth Essay, Research Paper Shakespeare’s Macbeth is full of different types of imagery. Many of these images are themes that run throughout the entire play at different times. Five of these images are nature, paradoxes, manhood, masks and light vs. darkness.