Dyslexia Essay, Research Paper
Dyslexia is a neurological syndrome in which other wise normal people have difficulty reading and writing. There are few different types of dyslexia, reading, writing and mathematics.
Many misconceptions go along with dyslexia, for example, people with dyslexia are mentally retarded, have vision problems or even labeled as just dumb (Connelly 18).
There are very detectable symptoms of dyslexia when a person is reading. Some of the people with dyslexia may skip words; reverse the order of letters in a word for example, was for saw (galenet 1). In addition, a person with dyslexia will be unable to distinguish between common letters and sounds. When a dyslexic person is reading aloud they might distort, substitute, omit letters or words.
Throughout all economic classes and intelligence ranges of people, about one in 25 is dyslexic in the field of reading (Connelly 18). The commonness of dyslexia in the United States is estimated to be about four percent of school-age children (Connelly 19). With those who are diagnosed with a reading disorder sixty to eighty percent are male (galnet 1). So many boys are diagnosed because the boys call more attention to their problem than girls do (galnet2). It is not uncommon for a person with dyslexia to get A s in science but to fail English.
Many people from around the country and world also suffer from the disorder of written expression. Students with the written form of dyslexia also reverse letters, make grammatical or punctuation errors within sentences, have poor paragraph organization skills, multiple spelling errors and excessively poor handwriting (Connely 22). When students have to take standardized writing tests in this area they are less able to do as well as they would on a reading or arithmetic tests (Connely 22). Teachers find out how severe the disorder is by giving the student a number of tests such as to copy information, writing to dictation, and writing spontaneously.
The prevalence of the writing expression dyslexia is sometimes followed with problems with eye-to-hand coordination. Writing dyslexia is sometimes found in association with reading and mathematical dyslexia (Connely 22). Usually when a person has the writing expression dyslexia, they have other learning disabilities (Connely 23).
Although the most common form of dyslexia manifests itself in the area of reading, it is not unusual for a person to be dyslexic in the field of math. Students with this may have trouble in understanding mathematical terms, operations, or concepts (Connely 21). Dyslexic students also may have weakness in reading numerical symbols or arithmetic skills. Children and adults with mathematics disorder may have trouble with problem solving or recognizing patterns (Connely 27).
Dyslexia in mathematics is common in approximately six percent of all school age students (Connely21). It is not known what the ratio of girls to boys is. Many students diagnosed with the mathematics form of dyslexia occur in the lower socioeconomic classes (Connely 21).
Sigmund Freud wrote that in 1900 that painful childhood experiences of hatred of one or both parents caused dyslexia (galnet1). Later studies showed that Sigmund Freud s ideas on dyslexia were incorrect. Dr. Samuel T. Orton was the one to first bring attention of dyslexia to American doctors and educators in the 1920 s. For years after people that suffered form dyslexia were still classified as emotionally disturbed, mentally retarded, or culturally disadvantaged (Connely 25).
During the 1940 s, more Doctors began to find why people have dyslexia. Some of these reasherchers came up with the idea of brain damage. Just because the people with dyslexia looked ordinary, they thought that the brain damage was insignificant Connely 21). Later studies showed that there was no brain damage involved with dyslexia. In 1966 name minimal brain dysfunction was introduced.
Researchers for dyslexia also at that time started giving concepts and terms for each of the observed reading, writing and arithmetic disabilities. A problem with reading was called dyslexia . The name for dyslexia came from the Greek dys which means poor or inadequate, and the lexis meaning words or language. If a person had difficulty in writing, it was called dysgraphia . Whenever a person had a problem with arithmetic, they were grouped as dyscalculia .
During the 1920 s and 1930 s students were becoming more excepted as individuals with normal or high intelligence the only difference being a need for special teaching methods (Connely 21). Since these students need customized, teaching methods a school was built in 1926 right near Buffalo, New York. The schools name was the Gow School. The school was made specifically for boys who were smart but had trouble with writing and reading. More types of schools were built like this one. These new types of schools were high-priced so if could not afford to send your son to the special schools they had to go to public schools. Although the public schools did provide special education classes, they were inadequate to the students needs.
Finally the federal government became involved and supported the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (Connely 28). Later this was renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). This law made the states give children with disabilities a free, appropriate public education (Connely 28).
One issue that affects children with disabilities and their schooling is which classroom setting is most appropriate. Some people believe that the more traditional form of separating the students with disabilities from the other students is more effective because the student can receive more individualized treatment (Connolly28). However a newer practice, called mainstreaming is being used in more public schools. When mainstreaming is used, all students, regardless of ability are all in the same classroom. Mainstreaming, also called inclusion began with a report issued by the National Academy of Sciences (Connolly 31). This report stated that placement of children into special education classrooms was ineffective and discriminatory (Connolly 31). The report also stated that children be given non inclusive or extra class placement for special services only if they could (a) be accurately classified or (b) if noninclusion produces superior results (Connolly 31) The federal government stepped in and stated that All handicapped children, to the maximum extent possible have the right to be placed in the least restrictive learning environment (Cronin182).
Researchers have found that genetics play an important role in dyslexia (galnet2). Some studies show that if one twin has dyslexia the other twin also has it (galnet2). Many people who have dyslexia also have a parent or a close relative that has a learning disability (galnet1). Some scientists also think that since dyslexia affects males more than girls that there is a relationship between hormones to dyslexia.
Great strides have been made in the research and the understanding of dyslexia. Parent and teachers need to work together to help the dyslexic student. With the right supports students no longer need to feel stupid for having this disability.
Другие работы по теме:
Dyslexia Essay Research Paper Over one hundred
Dyslexia Essay, Research Paper Over one hundred years ago, in November 1896, a doctor in Sussex, England, published the first description of the learning disorder that would come to be known as developmental dyslexia. “Percy F.,… aged 14,… has always been a bright and intelligent boy,” wrote W. Pringle Morgan in the “British Medical Journal,” “quick at games, and in no way inferior to others of his age.
Dyslexia Essay Research Paper Dyslexia was once
Dyslexia Essay, Research Paper Dyslexia was once known as the disorder used to explain why a child had difficulty reading, and this difficulty could not by explained by any other problems. This definition was not satisfactory for the parents, teachers, or researchers. There are now three different definitions.
Dyslexia My Adversity Essay Research Paper Dyslexia
Dyslexia My Adversity Essay, Research Paper Dyslexia My Adversity When some people hear the word dyslexia, they think of reading, writing, spelling, and math problems. Some associate it with word and letter reversals, and others only think slow learners. Almost everyone considers it some from of a learning disability, but the learning disability is only one face of dyslexia.
Dyslexia Essay Research Paper DyslexiaDyslexia is a
Dyslexia Essay, Research Paper Dyslexia Dyslexia is a disorder in which a person with normal vision has difficulty understanding written language. The cause of dyslexia is not known. When a child of average or higher intelligence is two or more years behind grade level in reading, but has normal or better achievement in other subjects.
Book Review Guide To Getting It On
Essay, Research Paper Guide to Getting It On Book review Since the Victorian era the subject of sexuality has been carefully confined to the private arena of the home. Sexuality has been restrained to the function of reproduction. Sex has become something that people feel that they need to hide from others.
Romeo An Juliet Essay Research Paper hi
Romeo An Juliet Essay, Research Paper hi i need an essay about a character in romeo and juliet that demonsrtated maturity. in a well developed multi pagraph essay and say why you think the character’s maturity was greater than the other characters in the play.
Oh Really Essay Research Paper Oh Reallyyou
Oh Really? Essay, Research Paper Oh Really, you think i am a lark, the dogs they run and bark, but when i say to them, shut up shut up shut up, you say to be nice to them,
Illiteracy Essay Research Paper When people think
Illiteracy Essay, Research Paper When people think of a handicap or disability the last thing they are thinking about is Illiteracy. It has become a huge problem in our country that has developed over many decades and effects every age, race, ethnic group, income levels, and educational level. Those who can not read and write may not realize how harmful illiteracy could be to both themselves as well as others.
Patton Essay Research Paper Old Blood and
Patton Essay, Research Paper Old Blood and Guts “No bastard has ever won a war by dying for his country, he won it by making the other poor dumb bastard die for his country”. These were the words spoken by General George Patton. He was a man that was renown for his tactical knowledge and his eloquently foul language.
Shane Essay Research Paper Sometimes I need
Shane Essay, Research Paper Sometimes, I need you more than I need air And sometimes I miss you more than I will forever, never forget the times that we have shaared. The are priceless
Poem Belong Essay Research Paper Where I
Poem: Belong Essay, Research Paper Where I belong I am weak, I am strong I will fit where I belong don’t know where it is for now but it will come, if I allow tomorrow, I start a brand new day
Dyslexia Essay Research Paper Growing developing and
Dyslexia Essay, Research Paper Growing, developing and learning are the facts of life for all children. Each day children are faced with many new concepts and various challenges. Can you imagine how it feels for a child to face not only new challenges life has, but to face these challenges while living with a learning disability? These challenges are met not just when they begin school either.
Courage In Individuals In
“On Being Seventeen”, “The Most Dangerous Game” And “Giving Blood” Essay, Research Paper Courage in Individuals in “On Being Seventeen”, “The Most Dangerous Game” and
Him Essay Research Paper I think about
Him Essay, Research Paper I think about him day and night The though won’t go away And, oh, how I would hold him tight every second of the day He is perfect, that is true, not an average me or you
Psychology Attention Essay Research Paper Attention can
Psychology: Attention Essay, Research Paper Attention can be defined as the process of selecting certain environmental inputs needed for cognitive processing. Information that we are capable of sensing stays with us in the sensory register for a very brief period of time. From this point the information is cognitively processed.
Dyslexia Essay Research Paper The hardest thing
Dyslexia Essay, Research Paper The hardest thing a child or an adult can ever experience, which happens to be a fact is to be labeled by society as an ? ILLITERATE?. This misconception comes about a pre-judged opinion by society, who think themselves capable of classifying people, by either their looks, their money, or their power.
Poem She Sat Essay Research Paper She
Poem: She Sat Essay, Research Paper She sat… helpless in her room praying to whatever god there may be to let her call to him. could god ignore such a painful cry?
Learning Disabilities Essay Research Paper Approximately 10
Learning Disabilities Essay, Research Paper Approximately 10 percent of the adult population have learning disabilities. Learning disabilities also affect about 5 to 10 percent of school-age children. Most disabilities occur in math, spelling, reading comprehension, oral expression, and written language.
Ode To Boys Essay Research Paper We
Ode To Boys Essay, Research Paper We like them But do they like us The ones we do never fuss They don’t stop in And we wonder why We stress, we bitch We sometimes cry
Henry Ii And Eleanor
’srelation Essay, Research Paper The relationship between Henry, Geoffrey, and John with their parents, Henry II and Eleanor Henry II s family was a family that was considered anything but dysfunctional. During this era of the medieval period, there was no such thing as succession to the throne; thus, the current king had the option of choosing any of his sons to be the next ruler of the realm.
Life Is Like Essay Research Paper Life
Life Is Like Essay, Research Paper Life is like a car. When it?s new, it usually works all right. As time drives by, it breaks down and needs repairs. Life is like a leaf. In its youth, it
Dare Essay Essay Research Paper What DARE
Dare Essay Essay, Research Paper What D.A.R.E Means To Me Dare has prepared me to say no to drugs in eight different ways. If anyone asks me to do drugs I will know what to do, such as- just ignoring the person or just
The Playground Essay Research Paper I have
The Playground Essay, Research Paper I have a friend I used to know who had a playground where we would go The times we had are fresh in my mind but they are from another time