Emerge Essay, Research Paper
What is Fascism and Why does it Emerge?
Fascism is a political ideology that consists of an all powering totalitarian
Government, which has total control of the people, the nation and the economy.
The fascist economic system creates an upper class for the owning/ruling class
and leaves the working class in a lower state who in turn produce for the elite.
To justify themselves as beneficial to the oppressed lower class, the fascist installs an extreme sense of Nationalisms and organicism. If these method do not work then force is used. Fascism emerges out of economic crisis, a
revolutionary promise and reaction to capitalism. It is often allowed to
emerge because it is usually easy to get support from the upper class.
The fascist political structure consists of a totalitarian government with an
extreme sense of absolutism. Absolutism is the principle of a absolute power in
control with power that transcends even the laws itself, under the control of
one main dictator who carries traits of of a geniuses or of a hero. This way
the masses can be drawn into him through emotion and appeal. With the
totalitarian government the fascist has total control of the nation and the
people.
Along with the fascist total ruling over the people and nation came its total
ruling over the economy. Although different fascist have had different economic
structures, all regimes more or less, have had the same model. The main defining
character of the fascist economy is the principle of goverment-buisness
relationship. Like the first fascist regime in Italy, its leader created a
system where private ownership was allowed but state intervention was issued on
management and labour. He did this by creating grouped established syndicates,
such as The National Confederation of Commerce or the The National Federation
of Credit and Insurgence . The government then controlled these under managing
agencies called Corporations which in turn would regulate issues and
guidelines such as supply and demand, labour disputes or what interest the
business is to aim at. Although the system is supposed to function as a
partnership, the government is always in control and dominate.
Although the fascists claim this system is in the interest of the nation, it is
only in the interest of more empowerment for the government. Due to this
system both the states interest and the interest of the owning class are
integrated which creates an elite. Therefore the development and technology
only serves the interest of the elite and not the working class which is to be
convinced to interact with promoting the sense that there dedication is
necessary for the wellbeing of the nation.
Nationalism is a force which the fascist uses to eliminate conflict between
social classes and restore unity through shared values such as race, language,
religion and unifies men through symbols and traditions of a nation. It reduces
the risk of liberal individualism and focuses on funnelling aggression into a
powerful force and channelling it against outsiders so individuals will not
question the state.
Nationalism often relies on the use of a scapegoat. The most blatant example of
this was Hitler’s scapegoating on the Jews. He would blame them for the defeat
of Germany in World War 1, or claim they were the downfall of Germany. Hitler
took this idea to an extreme and later went on to ethnic cleansing which
resulted in the death of 6 million Jews.
Another method of motivating the masses is to present the concept of organicism.
Organicism is the theory of viewing a nation like a growing powerful single body.
It focuses on the idea that the body is made up of individual components all
having individual functions, but are unimportant, and only important as a whole
body. The fascist applies this principle to the notion that the individual is
unimportant as a single person but significant in the fact that it’s a component
of the community and the interest of the state which is the superior element of
existence. The fascist feels that all means for the state are justifiable
and there is no room for detachment from the cause, for neutrality or for the
luxury of being a mere spectator (Growth, 97). The fascist also uses this
principle in justifying the rationality of the fascist economic system with
demoralising the image of the individual as a person producing for himself, and
not for the community as he should be.
If nationalism and organicism do not supply enough motivation to create a
dominant ideology, the fascist resorts to tapping deeper levels of motivation
(…,19) and uses coercive force. They try to achieve a goal of breaking down
the individual spirit of liberalism and will resort to violence ways if
necessary.
The other use of force that the fascist utilises for conformity is to misinform
the masses or not inform them at all. Examples of this can either be the
dismissal of civil rights such as freedom of speech or assembly or controlling
the means of informative sources such as newspapers television and other sorts
of communication. These are tactics the fascist utilises if the population does
not consent to the government.
Fascism emerges as a response to capitalism. It is a revolutionary promise to
rehabilitate a nation in economic depression or unemployment by uniting and
focusing the economic power of all social classes. This in turn is to
restabilise a nation economically. It utilises the principle of nationalism to
try to unite the social classes and if that does not work it resorts to force,
a coercive method of resolving conflicts within an industrially more advanced
society (Ebenstein,81). Usually fascism reinvests economic gain into its
military with the hope of trying to mobilise the nation to its full capacity.
This system of government usually emerges when other forms of government have
failed. Where democracy lacked in a sense of hope and faith, fascism excelled.
Post war Germany, Italy and Argentina in 1955 can all exemplify this theory of
emergence:
After World War 1, Italy had a poor economy and its national identified
diminished. To build the nation and strengthen it economically was to create a
state the would take full control to accomplish this, the people were desperate
for a solution.
World War I also effected Germany in an economic sense. It left the country
bankrupt, millions were jobless and the Treaty of Versailles left the nation
with reparations. The national socialists and communists were the two main
parties at the time. The Nazis utilised their economic plan to restore the
nation winning mass appeal which enabled them to implement their plan of
imperialistic conquest which was Hitters real goal.
Another period in which the economic condition enabled fascism to emerge was
Argentina in 1930. It was at this time a predominantly agricultural nation.
The conflict was landowners who were a comparison of feudal barons. There was
also the trend of world wide depression and the emergence of an anarchist
movement that aimed at direct appropriation of farm and land ownership. This
attempt at unifying the South American country was overthrown ten years later.
Another factor that helps the fascist come into power is mass support from the
owning class. They see fascism as way of securing their wealth and corporations,
and see it as protection from labour disputes. They support the fascist into
office and then they themselves claim power as an elite.
In conclusion the fascists main concern is power. They take total control over
the people and all issues of the nation by totalitarianism. The economic system
is only in the interest of the state, creating an elite class and therefore
oppressing the lower classes who are made to believe in the nation while its
there blood and sweat that produces for the government, and if they do not they
are violently forced. The only reason this type of government emerges is
because it appears as a solution to economic crisis in time of despair and gets
support from the powerful upper class which benefit from it, the lower class are
oppressed.
Другие работы по теме:
Итальянский фашизм 2
Введение 1 Доктрина Список литературы Итальянский фашизм Введение Итальянский фашизм — авторитарная, националистическая политика, которую проводил в Италии премьер-министр Бенито Муссолини с 1922 по 1943 год.
Левый фашизм
[1] — термин, используемый для описания тенденций в левой политике, которые противоречат или нарушают идеалы, с которыми связаны левые. Эти тенденции включают в себя абсолютизм, нетерпимость, экофашизм, иррациональность, терроризм и антисемитизм. Этот термин также относится к сходству или альянсу фашистских или тоталитарных движений, в том числе исламизма или джихадизма.
The Byzantine In 1000 Ad Essay Research
Paper FASCISM For many years a taboo subject for all but a small number of specialists primarily in the fields of history and political science, and treated as an aberration in discussions of ‘Western Culture’, fascism has returned with a vengeance. The resurgence of extreme right wing and neo-fascist movements in Europe and throughout the world in the last fifteen years have, of course, played a major and indeed chilling role in this ‘return’.
Nature Of Fascism Essay Research Paper Information
Nature Of Fascism Essay, Research Paper Information on Roger Griffin was minimal and not enough to convey the attitudes of his ideas. The book was presented in a strict factual way with emphasis on the true occurrences in history. It can be implied that Griffin s writing shows no personality in writing style except that the facts are the true basis of input.
Individualism And Fascicm Essay Research Paper IndividualismModern
Individualism And Fascicm Essay, Research Paper Individualism Modern political thought has given a considerable amount of attention to the conception of the individual’s function in modern society. In this paper, I will discuss the fascist philosophy on individualism. Using the Italian philosopher Alfredo Rocco’s arguments on this topic, I will consider how Liberalism, Democracy and Socialism are closely related, while Fascism can be seen as the true antithesis to Liberalism.
Facisc Essay Research Paper FASCISMWhen the word
Facisc Essay, Research Paper FASCISM When the word ?fascism? is mentioned people usually associate the word with German Nazis?. There is more to fascism than just German Nazis.? Fascism is an interesting topic that should be further examined and explained so it is no longer simply associated with German Nazis?.
Unspeakable Women Essay Research Paper Robin PickeringIazzi
Unspeakable Women Essay, Research Paper Robin Pickering-Iazzi’s book Unspeakable Women is a collection of selected short stories written by Italian women during Fascism. Each story relates to us a different aspect of Italian life under the fascist autocracy. This book is entertaining and useful because there is not very much information written about Italian women during this time.
The Man Who Counts The Killings Essay
, Research Paper I. Personal Summary of Position Taken in this Reading Scott Stossel writes the article of “The Man Who Counts the Killings.” This reading focuses on the lifetime works and studies of George Gerbner. He would be best known as “the man who counts the killings” because he had spent the last thirty years doing just that.
Facism Essay Research Paper Throughout time the
Facism Essay, Research Paper Throughout time the debate upon which is the best system of government has been ongoing. Somewhere between the realms of democracy, socialism, fascism, communism, and monarchism lies the answer to the perfect system. Traditionally speaking, North America has always tried to remain democratic.
Gns Vs Italian Fascism Essay Research Paper
Fascism is a relative latecomer onto the scene of political ideologies, and according to a few a rather short lived one. The creator of fascism is without a question Benito Mussolini. Although he never wrote a definitive doctrine on what fascism is, he did explain the main concepts of his ideology, Absolutism, Organicism, and Irrationality.
Political Ideologies Essay Research Paper The American
Political Ideologies Essay, Research Paper The American society today is always trying to compete with one another; from the business world to recreation, to politics, we are always striving for the last word and the final say. Due to this, we, as Americans try to find a group that fits our personality and self belief-system, which in return leads to political parties.
Fascist Germany The Result Of Instability Essay
, Research Paper The 1930s were turbulent times in Germany’s history. World War I had left the country in shambles and, as if that weren’t enough, the people of Germany had been humiliated and stripped of their
The Economic And Social Problems Of The
1930S Essay, Research Paper The economic and social problems of the 1930’s may have led to the start of World War 2. I have some reasons why explained below.
Italian Fascism Essay Research Paper FASCISMFascism was
Italian Fascism Essay, Research Paper FASCISM Fascism was a reaction against social and political changes broght about by World War I and the spread of socialism and communism. It developed in Italy and spread to other European countrys after 1919.
Who In Italy Gained From Fascism Essay
, Research Paper The word Fascism comes from fasces, the bundle of elm or birch rods from which an ax projected that was carried before Roman magistrates. These fasces indicated the magistrates
The Captain And The Movies Essay Research
Paper Ada Negri’s two short stories “The Captain” and “The Movies” express the feelings and lives of Italian women during fascism. The fascist regime was very strict and spread propaganda declaring the state more important than the individual. The people of Italy bought into national policy and became like robots in their daily chores.
Facism Essay Research Paper FASCISM
Facism Essay, Research Paper FASCISM Fascism is a political system characterized by totalitarianism and a complete rejection of democratic institutions, values and procedures. The basic institutions made use of by fascism are the Leader (or dictator), the one-party state, total regimentation of economic and social activities and the arbitrary use of governmental power.
Fascism Essay Research Paper FascismFascism is defined
Fascism Essay, Research Paper Fascism Fascism is defined as a system of government marked by centralization of authority under a dictator, stringent socioeconomic controls, suppression of the opposition through terror and censorship, and typically a policy of belligerent nationalism and racism.
Fascism Arose From Frustration And Despair In
Society Essay, Research Paper Fascism arose from frustration and despair in post war European society. Both Germany and Italy were humiliated by the peace treaties of Versailles and St Germain, and were in a state of economic and political instability. Germany was suffering from hyperinflation and the Great Depression.
Fascism Essay Research Paper Fascism Philosophy of
Fascism Essay, Research Paper Fascism, Philosophy of government that glorifies the nation-state at the expense of the individual. Major concepts of fascism include opposition to democratic and socialist movements; racist ideologies, such as anti-Semitism; aggressive military policy; and belief in an authoritarian leader who embodies the ideals of the nation.
CompareContrast Fascism Vs Communism Essay Research Paper
Democratic governments depleted as poor conditions ran across the world. The great depression forced many people to be frustrated with a democracy. They wanted change and a new era. A quick way out of the economic problems that they faced. This would be accomplished with the new governments of nazism, fascism, and communism.
Nazi Germany Essay Research Paper Throughout Europe
Nazi Germany Essay, Research Paper Throughout Europe around the time of World War II, there were many countries who became totalitarian. Specifically, Italy, Germany, and Russia evolved new government systems as a result of many factors, some from World War I.
Factors Contributing To The Rise And Nature
Of Nazism Essay, Research Paper The Rise of Nazism A multitude of different factors contributed to the rise of Fascism within the period of post-World War 1 Germany. As Adolf Hitler was the perpetrator and mastermind behind much of the rise of Fascism in Germany, factors which contributed to his opinions and ideals must obligatorily be looked at in this topic.
Fascism In Germany Essay Research Paper Reasons
Fascism In Germany Essay, Research Paper Reasons for the Rise of Fascism in Germany The economic collapse of Germany after 1929 (main reason) The lack of democratic roots in Germany Under the Weimar republic It was impossible to secure a majority in parliament (this depicted democracy as a weak Gov. system) The president had the authority to declare a state of emergency (Hitler used Hindenburg’s ability to do this in order to establish his dictatorship) The fear of communism (Hindenburg appointed Hitler as chancellor as a result of such fears) The Nazis exploited the weakness of the Weimar system and often used violence against their opponents The Nazis made use of propaganda to shape public opinion The Nazis used resentment against the Versaille Settlement to their ends.
Fascisms In Germany And Italy Essay Research
Paper Oliver Bleich Mrs. Howell Modern European History 5/22/00 Fascism in Germany and Italy Germany and Italy rose up under new leaders with a new type of governing policy. However, the same policies that caused growth lead to eventual collapse of these nations. Fascism grew because of extreme nationalism, fear, and governmental control.
Benitto Mussolini as a lider of Italy
Benito Mussolini was one of the important and the most interesting figures in Italian history. Short description of his life. Ascension of dictator to power and ideology of fascism for development of economy. His political and military activity.