Paper
Two factors to bear in mind: The Orthodox Church was one of the greatest supporters of the Czarist system of autocracy. According to Marxist doctrine (incorporated into the official state ideology of the USSR) religion is ‘the opiate of the masses’. The Situation 1917-1940: 1918: Decree concerning ‘the separation of Church and State and the separation of the Schools from the Church’ with the aim of: To bring to an end close identification btw Church and State that had existed w/ the czars. Exclude the Church from any role in education. This was done by: Forbidding all Church participation in the life of state. – Church could not control hospitals, etc. and was cut off from its ‘charity’ role. Taking away control of schools. Churches could only remain open upon Gov. approval. Freedom of conscience was declared, but in practice people who attended church services were persecuted. Result: Many anti-orthodox outbursts. Church property confiscated. Number of priests fell. Number of churches, monasteries, etc. fell Church schools and institutions closed. Patriarch imprisoned. Note: the existence of compulsory lessons in atheism in all schools and factories. Reaction of the Church: Ordered faithful to obey the orders of the new Gov. as long as not opposed to the faith. Took no active part in politics / avoided siding with the ‘whites’ in Civil war. Patriarchs professed loyalty to new state (even tough emprisonned at times) The partial recovery of the Church 1941-1959: W/ the threat of Nazi Germany Stalin saw the value of a national church in uniting the people behind the authorities in the coming struggle. The attention of the Soviet leaders was directed away from the Church after the war: expansion of power in E.E., post-war reconstruction, death of Stalin а
power struggle… Results: Increase in number of priests Reopening of churches. Seminaries allowed to open. Church organization based on the dioceses w/ bishops allowed. To control this, the Gov. created the ‘Narkomopium’ Minister of Opium (nickname for department to control religious affairs) The Situation since 1959: Began to deteriorate again. The constitution and criminal codes of the USSR have reduced the religious rights of citizens in practice whilst seeming to guarantee them. Areas of State control: All places of worship must be registered. Authorities have the right to refuse or withdraw authorization w/out explanation. Authorities must approve all appointments of Church governors. Pressure on internal Church appointments. Authorities decide which activities are acceptable and not. Note: apart from the holding of religious services in churches, all other forms of religious activity is banned by the ‘Law on Religious Association’. The Position 1985: Seems to have survived (about 40 million members) Still a lot of tight government control. Association w/ the Orthodox Church would result in ‘difficulties’ (i.e.: low priority for housing, lack of promotion) Church leaders are subservient to the government (no criticism) For soviet leaders the ideal is a ‘phantom church’ which maintains the outward form of the church (useful in projecting images to the rest of the world) but to have real membership inside the USSR decline rapidly.
Другие работы по теме:
Example of Church-State cooperation
The Agreement on cooperation between the State Antinarcotics’ committee and Russian Orthodox Church was signed on 21.12.2010. On December, 21st, 2010 has taken place the next session of the State antinarcotics’ committee of Federal Department of the Russian Federation on control over drug trafficking.
Cleopatra Essay Research Paper TheodoraTheodora was the
Cleopatra Essay, Research Paper Theodora Theodora was the wife of Justinian I who was crowned Emperor of the Byzantine Empire in 527 AD. As his wife, she ruled by his side, as his partner, and her intelligence helped to
English Revolution Essay Research Paper During the
English Revolution Essay, Research Paper During the early 1600’s, there was much political struggle in England. These struggles led to a civil war between cavaliers, or royalists, who were mainly Anglicans; and Roundheads, or parliamentarians, who were Puritans.The Anglicans belonged to the Anglican Church (the Church of England).
Christian Churches Essay Research Paper When Christianity
Christian Churches Essay, Research Paper When Christianity began, it was one religion with one denomination. Now it has grown into one of the main world religions with many different denominations. Over the years, as one church split from another and opposition became common, the beliefs began to change, though the core has still remained.
History Of Sacraments Essay Research Paper In
History Of Sacraments Essay, Research Paper In the early church, before the year 313 A.D., Christianity was illegal. After the year 313, around 380, Constantine legalized Christianity. The first order in which the sacraments were celebrated was Baptism, Confirmation, and First Communion. The process of receiving all three sacraments at once was done at the Easter Vigil, and they were performed by the bishops, deacons, and deaconesses.
The Friars Essay Research Paper Lawrence s
The Friars Essay, Research Paper Lawrence s works details how the mendicant orders arose before and during the thirteenth century. Europe supported the establishment of the church, implemented change and reform leading to heresy and separation. Lawrence regards the revolutionary situation (page 225), as one resulting partly by the growth of towns and the general population.
Church And State Essay Research Paper The
Church And State Essay, Research Paper The issue of church and state has become more important in the 20th century. There are many reasons for this, because in this century people are becoming more outspoken then in earlier centuries. People are now willing to stand up for their beliefs and views, as in the past people weren?t brave enough to stand up and speak up on how they felt.
Soviet Union Essay Research Paper There are
Soviet Union Essay, Research Paper There are many events worthy of our recognition but some will be remembered for many years to come. Fifty years from now, every person in the world should
The Church In The Middle Ages Essay
, Research Paper During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church directed its main goal as a basis for unity. Ironically, they preached so much on this theme that more people looked to the
Baptism Essay Research Paper
“People who are not regular churchgoers should not use the Church to mark important events in their lives.” Do you agree? Give reasons to support your answer. Show you have thought about different points of view.
Essay On Essay Research Paper My Sharkskin
Essay On Essay, Research Paper My Sharkskin Suit My Sharkskin Suit explained a child who wanted a sharkskin suit because they were very popular and not a lot of people had them in his neighborhood. Ed s father bought him the suit and gave it to him on Easter Sunday. Ed thought the first place he could wear it was church.
AZ Report On Russian Essay Research Paper
Leaders They have a different system in Russia than what we have here. They have a President and Prime Minister for their executive branch. The Legislative branch has the Federal Assembly. The Judicial system has a lot of area like Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Arbitration, and the Office of Procurator General.
Forgiveness Essay Research Paper Is it harder
Forgiveness Essay, Research Paper Is it harder to forgive someone or ask for forgiveness? I think it depends on the circumstances. If someone just makes fun of you it is much easier to forgive than to ask for forgiveness because asking for forgiveness makes you look like a loser. In asking for forgiveness you also have to admit you are wrong and people don’t like to do that.
Orthodox Society Essay Research Paper By insisting
Orthodox Society Essay, Research Paper By insisting on complete orthodoxy is society only hurting itself? I believe when a society demands orthodoxy it is asking for problems. Orthodoxy to a small extent can be helpful to society, but when it is required by the people, and they demand it to the fullest it can do nothing but cause problems.
Atomic Bomb Essay Research Paper It is
Atomic Bomb Essay, Research Paper It is said that there are two views about the use of the atomic bomb, orthodox and revisionist. The orthodox view is one of solely winning the war, while the revisionist view is one of intimidating the Soviet Union. While I do not believe that the atomic bomb was a necessary weapon in this war, I do think it helped the US kill two birds with one stone .
Christian Reformation Essay Research Paper The Protestant
Christian Reformation Essay, Research Paper The Protestant Reformation Many ideas of the Renaissance like humanism, individualism and secularism stimulated a strong critique of the church+s policy and the clergy+s behaviour. Many people regarded it as a scandal that the catholic church sold indulgences.
La Madeleine Church Essay Research Paper La
La Madeleine Church Essay, Research Paper La Madeleine is a church in Paris that started during the reign XV, and designed by Constant d’Ivry using plans based on the St-Louis-des-Invalide church.
Gnostics
& Orthodox Christians Essay, Research Paper Gnostics & Orthodox Christians It is not permitted for a woman to speak in the church, nor is it permitted for her to teach, nor baptize, nor to offer the eucharist, nor to claim for herself a share in any masculine function-least of all, in priestly office (p.155).
Religion Essay Research Paper Religion912
Religion Essay, Research Paper Religion912 There are many different cultures and religions in this world. I was assigned to attend a different denomination church then my own. I attended St.Nick s liturgy. St.Nick s is a Greek Orthodox Church.
Cold War A PostRevisioninst View Of The
Origins Essay, Research Paper Sorry no bib on this; it was an in-class handout. This got me a 40/40 in AP History.There are three main schools of thought that trace the origins of the Cold War. The Orthodox view is that ?the intransigence of Leninist ideology, the sinister dynamics of a totalitarian society, and the madness of Stalin? (Doc 1) cause the Cold War.
Animal Farm Essay Research Paper As I
Animal Farm Essay, Research Paper As I read the book “Animal Farm”, I have came to see that the story “Animal Farm” is a metaphor for the life in the USSR. We see how ” Animal Farm ” takes on personalities of social and political figures from the USSR. They relate to the social and political life of The USSR in how they act and live.
Live Or Die Essay Research Paper Informative
Live Or Die Essay, Research Paper Informative Essay ?The Real Problem with People.? Are they believers or are they liars? This is one of many questions that stir in my head everyday waiting for an answer that may never come. After attending many churches and talking to many people that I find as reliable source including pastors and attendants, I find that many of the young people that attend church go because they would feel they would be an outcast if they didn?t attend church.
Church Existence Essay Research Paper The Church
Church Existence Essay, Research Paper The Church exists to call sinners out of the muck and mire of an evil world system that has pitted mother against daughter, father against son, woman against man, man against nature and all humanity against God into a transforming and healing community that can undo the damage that the world has done to us through the building of GOD Kingdom here on Earth.
Joseph Stalin The Most Infamous Leader Essay
, Research Paper In 1879 on Dec 21 Joseph Stalin was born he ended up dying in 1953 on March 5th. That was only the begging. He grew up and had become one of the undisputed leaders of the USSR from 1929 till his death.
Joseph Stalin Essay Research Paper Joseph StalinJoseph
Joseph Stalin Essay, Research Paper Joseph Stalin Joseph Stalin is credited as being one of the most powerful leaders of all time. He helped his country, the Soviet Union, become a dominating world power. Born on December 21, 1879 under his original name Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, he renamed himself Stalin meaning “man of steel.” Stalin was the unchallenged leader of the USSR from 1929 until his death in 1953.
Orthodox Essay Research Paper Greek Orthodox ChurchI
Orthodox Essay, Research Paper Greek Orthodox Church I have decided to visit a Greek Orthodox Church, Saint Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox church. I went alone because I figured that this would not draw too much attention during the service. I tried to find a near by church that will give the service partially in English.
Greek Orthodox Church Essay Research Paper The
Greek Orthodox Church Essay, Research Paper The Greek Orthodox Church The Greek Orthodox Church is one of the three major branches of Christianity, which “stands in today’s society as one of the communities created
Church Of England Essay Research Paper Church
Church Of England Essay, Research Paper Church of England Since the Reformation, the Church of England or Anglican Church has been the established branch of the Christian church in England. Throughout the
Trip To Mother Bethel Methodist Episcopal Church
Essay, Research Paper I thought the field trip to Mother Bethel Methodist Episcopal Church was a great experience. I enjoyed it a lot, infact, I am thinking about revisiting the church again. There were a lot
Orthodox And Catholic Church Essay Research Paper
Introduction In 1054 an important event happened which divide the Christianity and led the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Romean Catholic Church in collision for matters that had to do with doctrines and disciplinary such as:
THE CANTERBURY TALES Essay Research Paper The
THE CANTERBURY TALES Essay, Research Paper The Canterbury Tales Chaucer uses satire in the Canterbury Tales to expose his attitude towards the Catholic Church of the Middle Ages. The first way in which he does this is by satirizing a common nun of the Middle Ages. Chaucer, in The Canterbury Tales, tells of a nun who is supposed to be married to the church.
Roman Catholic Churchhds4lessCom Essay Research Paper The
Roman Catholic Churchhds4less.Com Essay, Research Paper The Roman Catholic Church is the single largest Christian body. Catholics are Christians who follow the pope in Rome in matters of faith. Jesus’ Church is called catholic because it is his gift to all people. The word catholic means “universal” and has been used to identify the church since its early period when it was the only Christian church.