Лабораторная работа
по дисциплине:
«Технические средства сетей ЭВМ»
на тему:
«Система управления сетями Transcend Manager v. 5.0 фирмы 3Com»
Москва 2009
Введение
Transcend Manager состоит из двух частей: Transcend WorkGroup Manager и Transcend Enterprise Manager.
1.1 Transcend WorkGroup Manager
Transcend WorkGroup Manager предлагает управление сетью на трёх уровнях:
• Сеть: управление на уровне иерархической топологической карты IP- и IPX – (под) сети, содержащие маршрутизаторы, концентраторы, коммутаторы и конечные станции.
• Группа: создание виртуальных групп PC – конечных станций с помощью WorkGroup PC Links по административным, географическим и другим признакам.
• Устройство: управление конфигурацией устройства, используя их графическое представление: SuperStack, OfficeConnect, LinkBuilder и LinkSwitch.
1.2 Transcend Enterprise Manager
Transcend Enterprise Manager предлагает те же самые три уровня управления и реализует все функции WorkGroup Manager, а также включает полный Transcend LANsentry RMON и дополнительное управление устройствами, включая LinkBuilder chassis hubs, LANplex switches и NETBuilder Router.
1.3 Цветовое кодирование
Для более удобного управления на любом уровне используется цветовое кодирование.
Это относится к видам устройств, группе и видам сети и даже гистограммам. Имеются шесть цветных кодов, от самого высокого до самого низкого по важности:
КРАСНЫЙ – Критическая ошибка. Зарезервирован для ошибки типа отказа устройства или порта.
ОРАНЖЕВЫЙ – Главное предупреждение. Серьёзное состояние, которое должно быть исследовано.
ЖЕЛТЫЙ – Незначительное предупреждение. Произошла ошибка, которая является вероятно не серьёзной (например, неразделение порта коммутатора).
ЗЕЛЕНЫЙ – Нормальное состояние. Все работает удовлетворительно.
СИНИЙ – Автономный или неизвестный. Состояние неизвестно (например, порт был не опрошен или порт был заблокирован).
РОЗОВЫЙ – Информационный.
2. Задание
На основе примера, входящего в комплект дистрибутива программы выполнить задания:
Определить, пакеты какого размера получены рассматриваемым сетевым интерфейсом в максимальном количестве.
Определить процент широковещательных пакетов, полученных сетевым интерфейсом в течение 20 сек., 2 мин., 20 мин.
Определить максимальное количество пакетов, полученных исследуемым интерфейсом.
Определить максимальное значение показателя использования сети.
Определить какой узел в сети генерирует наибольшее число ошибочных сообщений.
Определить какой узел в сети является наиболее активным источником пакетов.
Выбрать сервер и определить трафик между выбранным сервером и любым сетевым узлом.
Выбрать узел для перехвата пакетов и выделить под перехват пакетов буфер. Установить фильтр. Декодировать перехваченные и отфильтрованные пакеты. По результатам декодирования определить ошибку в сети.
Выбрать узел сети и назначить для него сигнал для выбранного типа событий.
Выполнить 3 сценария моделирования сигналов событий:
В открытом главном окне с моделируемой сетью нажать на доп. Клавиатуре клавишу с цифрой 1. При этом изменится цвет сети, в которой произошло данное событие и в строке состояния будет выведено сообщение, идентифицирующее это событие. Определить устройство, которое вызвало это событие и идентифицировать событие.
Ввести с доп. клавиатуры цифру 2. Разобрать моделируемое событие.
Ввести с доп. клавиатуры цифру 3. Разобрать моделируемое событие.
3. Выполнение
На рисунке представлена схема сети США.
Рис. 1. Схема сети США
3.1 Задание 1
Определить пакеты, какого размера получены рассматриваемым сетевым интерфейсом в максимальном количестве.
Для рассмотрения выбрано устройство MSH в подсети Denver, рис. 1.
Рис. 1. Пакеты устройства MSH подсети Denver
3.2 Задание 2
Определить процент широковещательных пакетов, полученных сетевым интерфейсом в течение 20 сек., 2 мин., 20 мин.
Рассмотрим устройство MSH в подсети Denver, рис. 2.
Рис. 2. Устройство MSH подсети Denver
3.3 Задание 3
Определить максимальное количество пакетов, полученных исследуемым интерфейсом.
3.4 Задание 4
Определить максимальное значение показателя использования сети. Рассмотрим устройство MSH в подсети Denver, рис. 4.
Рис. 4. Диаграмма использования сети
3.5 Задание 5
Определить какой узел в сети генерирует наибольшее число ошибочных сообщений.
Рис. 5. Ошибочные сообщения
3.6 Задание 6
Определить какой узел в сети является наиболее активным источником пакетов.
Рис. 6. Диаграмма активных узлов
3.7 Задание 7
Выбрать сервер и определить трафик между выбранным сервером и любым сетевым узлом.
3.8 Задание 8
Выбрать узел для перехвата пакетов и выделить под перехват пакетов буфер. Установить фильтр. Декодировать перехваченные и отфильтрованные пакеты. По результатам декодирования определить ошибку в сети.
Рис. 8. Установка фильтра и буфера
Рис. 9. Декодирование перехваченных и отфильтрованных пакетов
Рис. 10. Перехвачено 6 фреймов ARP-сообщений
3.9 Задание 9
Выбрать узел сети и назначить для него сигнал для выбранного типа событий.
3.10 Задание 10
Выполнить 3 сценария моделирования сигналов событий:
В открытом главном окне с моделируемой сетью нажать на доп. Клавиатуре клавишу с цифрой 1. При этом изменится цвет сети, в которой произошло данное событие и в строке состояния будет выведено сообщение, идентифицирующее это событие. Определить устройство, которое вызвало это событие и идентифицировать событие.
При нажатии цифры 1 изменился цвет сети, в которой произошло данное событие.
Для определения устройства и идентификации события щелкнем в меню Options пункт Show event log.
Ввести с доп. клавиатуры цифру 2. Разобрать моделируемое событие. После нажатия на дополнительной клавиатуре клавиши 2 получаем следующие результаты:
Ввести с доп. клавиатуры цифру 3. Разобрать моделируемое событие. После нажатия на дополнительной клавиатуре клавиши 2 получаем следующие результаты:
Заключение
В результате выполнения лабораторной работы были выполнены поставленные задания на примере сети, входящей в состав дистрибутива программы.
Литература
Леохин Ю.Л. Управление и администрирование в компьютерных сетях: протокол SNMP и базы данных управляющей информации MIB. М: МИЭМ, 2004, 46 с. ISBN 5–230–22281–6
Леохин Ю.Л. Изучение оборудования фирмы 3Com (концентраторы, коммутаторы, маршрутизаторы) и системы управления сетями Transcend Manager v. 5.0 M.: МИЭМ, 2003, 25 с.
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