More people are abusing drugs today than in any other time in
history of mankind, and many of those people are youth.
Understanding what drugs are is fundamental for understanding their
potential abuse. Drugs are a psychoactive substance.
A psychoactive substance is something that people take to change the
way they feel, think or behave. Some of these substances are called drugs and
others, like alcohol and tobacco, are considered dangerous, but are not called
drugs. The term drug also covers a number of substances that must be used under
medical supervision to treat illnesses.
I am going to talk about drugs as those man-made or naturally
occurring substances used without medical supervision, basically to change the
way a person feels, thinks or behaves.
In the past, most drugs were made from plants. That is, plants were
grown and then converted into drugs such as coca paste, opium and marijuana.
Over the years, these crude products were further processed to drugs like
cocaine and heroin and finally, in the 20th century, people found out how to
make drugs from chemicals.
These are called man-made or synthetic drugs and include ecstasy,
LSD, etc. These were initially manufactured for largely experimental reasons
and only later were used for recreational purposes. Now, however, with the
increased size and scope of the drug trade, people set out to invent drugs
especially for human consumption.
For the first time in human history, a whole industrial complex
creates and produces drugs that are meant to be used for the sole purpose of
«having fun.» People use drugs just to escape the reality, to have fun. The
majority of them are young, even very young, who do not understand what might
happen to them because of drugs.
Наркотики
Сегодня
количество людей, употребляющих наркотики, намного больше, чем за всю
предыдущую историю человечества, и многие из этих людей — молодежь.
Понимание
того, чем являются наркотики — фундаментальное понимание того, почему ими
злоупотребляют. Наркотики — это психотропное вещество»
Психотропное
вещество — это то, что люди используют, чтобы изменить способ восприятия, мышления
и поведения. Некоторые из этих веществ называются наркотиками, другие, такие
как алкоголь и табак, считаются опасными, но наркотиками не называются» Термин
«наркотик» охватывает ряд веществ, которые должны использоваться под
наблюдением врачи для лечения болезней»
Я
собираюсь рассказать о наркотиках как искусственно созданных, так и
естественного происхождения, используемых без врачебного предписания, в
основном для изменения способа восприятия, мышления и поведения»
В
прошлом большинство наркотиков делалось из растений. То есть растения
выращивались и затем превращались в наркотики, такие как коковая паста, опиум
или марихуана. За последние годы эти полуфабрикаты, путем обработки, были
превращены в такие Наркотики, как кокаин и героин, а в конце 20-го столетия
люди выяснили, как делать наркотики из химикалий»
Они
называются искусственными или синтетическими наркотиками, которые включают в
себя такие наркотики, как экстази, ЛСД и т. д. Они были первоначально
изготовлены в основном для экспериментальных нужд и только позже использовались
для оздоровительных целей» Теперь же, с увеличением объемов торговли
наркотиками, люди начали изобретать наркотики непосредственно для употребления
человеком»
Впервые
в человеческой истории целый промышленный комплекс задействован в создании и
поставке наркотиков, которые, как предполагается, используются для единственной
цели — «получения кайфа». Большинство из них юны, совсем юны, и они не понимают,
что может с ними случится из-за наркотиков.
Questions:
1. What is fundamental to understand the essence of drugs?
2. What are drugs?
3. What is a psychoactive substance?
4. What kind of drugs do you know?
5. What naturally occurring drugs do you know?
6. What synthetic drugs do you know?
7. Why do people use drugs?
Vocabulary:
to abuse — злоупотреблять
drugs — наркотики
mankind
— человечество
youth
— молодежь
substance
— вещество
to
behave — вести себя, поступать, держаться
to
consider — думать, полагать, считать
dangerous
— опасный
to
cover — включать, содержать
supervision
— (зд.) лечение, предписание
to
treat — лечить
illness
— болезнь
plants
— растения
crude
— сырой
to find (past found, p.p. found) out — найти,
изобрести
ecstasy
— экстази (наркотик, вызывающий чувство эйфории, широко употребляемый на
дискотеках)
LSD
— сокр. от lysergic acid diethylamide ЛСД (наркотик, вызывающий галлюцинации)
initially
— в начальной стадии, вначале
recreational
— развлекательный, относящийся к сфере развлечений, отдыху
purpose
— назначение, намерение, цель
to
invent — изобрести
consumption
— потребление
to
escape — уходить от реальности, отключаться
majority
— большинство
Список литературы
Для
подготовки данной работы были использованы материалы с сайта alleng/
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