Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. It means that there is
a Queen (or King) and the Parliament. The Queen has almost no power in the
country. Her powers are limited by the Parliament. Laws are made by the
Parliament.
The Queen is only a formal ruler: she reigns but does not rule. In
fact everything that she does is done on the active of her ministers, who are
responsible for the royal acts. Thus, most of her functions are symbolic. The
United Kingdom is governed by Her majesty’s Government in the name of the Queen.
But the Queen has all information, has the right to encourage and the right to
warn. The Queen’s residence in London is Buckingham Palace. Besides, she has
some homes in England and Scotland.
The British Parliament consists of two cambers: the House if Lords
and the House of Commons. There are more than 1000 members in the House of
Lords. Many seats are hereditary.
The House of Commons has 635 members. They are elected by a
general election (secret ballot).
Any member may introduce a Bill and ask permission to bring it to
the House for the first reading. After the third time reading the Bill goes to
the House of Lords. If the Lords agree to a Bill, it will be placed before the
Queen for signature.
The government is headed by the Prime Minister, who is the leader
of the party that has won the election.
In Great Britain there are three main political parties: the
Conservatives, the Labour Party and the Liberals.
Chamber
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