Чудо
о
Теофиле
(Le miracle de Theopfile)
Рютбеф (Rutebeuf) ок. 1230-1285
Французская литература
Т. Н. Котрелев
Когда-то эконом одной знаменитой церкви, которого звали Теофил, славился в округе своим достатком, высоким положением и добротой. Но жизнь обошлась с ним жестоко, он потерял все и впал в немилость у кардинала. И вот однажды Теофил, сидя у себя дома, с горечью вспоминал, с какой ревностью он молился раньше за своего покровителя кардинала, который так несправедлив к нему. Эконом был человеком гордым и решил во что бы то ни стало отомстить обидчику. Своими силами сделать это было невозможно, и, поколебавшись, Теофил решил отправиться к могущественному волшебнику Саладину, который умел заклинать дьявола. Саладин встретил Теофила с распростертыми объятиями. Узнав о несчастьях, постигших приятеля, волшебник обещался помочь и велел прийти на следующий день. По дороге домой благочестивый Теофил испугался, что его постигнут вечные муки в наказание за сделку с врагом рода человеческого, но, вспомнив о своих бедах, все-таки решился на свидание с нечистым. Саладин же страшными чарами вызвал дьявола и уговорил его помочь Теофилу. На следующий день эконом пришел к Саладину даже раньше времени, и тот послал его к дьяволу, строго наказав не произносить христианских молитв по дороге. Представ перед нечистым, Теофил пожаловался на свою судьбу, и супостат ответил, что готов вернуть ему и честь, и богатство, если за это Теофил отдаст ему душу и станет его слугой. Теофил согласился и написал расписку, которую дьявол оставил у себя, приказав эконому быть с той поры жестоким к людям и забыть всякое милосердие. А кардинал, устыдившись своей несправедливости по отношению к Теофилу, решил восстановить его в должности и послал своего слугу Задиру сыскать изгнанного эконома. Обругав Задиру последними словами, Теофил решил, однако, пойти к кардиналу.
И вот Теофил видит полнейшее раскаяние кардинала, но разговаривает со своим господином зло и грубо, хотя принять обратно должность и деньги соглашается, Теофил выходит на улицу и видит своих друзей Петра и Фому. С ними он также обходится круто и, проклиная и оскорбляя их, идет своей дорогой. Но его мучают угрызения совести. После долгих терзаний приходит и покаяние в содеянном. Горюя, прибрел Теофил в капеллу Пресвятой Девы. Пав на колени, он стал усердно молиться за спасение своей души, истекая слезами. Сжалившись над несчастным экономом, Мадонна явилась его очам и пообещала отнять у дьявола проклятую расписку. Затем Пречистая пошла к врагу рода человеческого и под угрозой расправы отобрала у него бумагу. Вновь представ перед Теофилом, Мадонна повелела ему отдать эту расписку кардиналу, чтобы тот всем в назидание прочел ее прихожанам в церкви, дабы знали они, как легко погибнуть душе. Теофил пришел к кардиналу и, рассказав, как все было, вручил ему гнусный договор. Владыка, возрадовавшись спасению слуги, созвал верующих в храм и прочел им бумагу, где содержалась похвальба нечистого, скрепленная кровью Теофила. Услышав о таком чуде, все присутствующие в храме встали и в один голос воскликнули: «Тебя, Бога, хвалим!» Так был посрамлен лукавый бес, искушающий души людей легким богатством и славой.
Список литературы
Все шедевры мировой литературы в кратком изложении. Сюжеты и характеры. Зарубежная литература древних эпох, средневековья и Возрождения: Энциклопедическое издание. / Ред. и сост. В.И.Новиков – М.: «Олимп» ; ООО «Издательство ACT» , 1997.
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