People have always polluted their surroundings. But until now
pollution was not such a serious problem. People lived in uncrowned rural areas
and did not have pollution — causing machines. With the development of crowded
industrial cities which put huge amounts of pollutants into small areas, the
problem has become more important.
Automobiles and other new inventions make pollution steadily worse.
Since the late 1960's people have become alarmed with the danger of pollution.
Air, water, and soil are necessary for existence of all living
things. But polluted air can cause illness, and even death. Polluted water
kills fish and other marine life. On polluted soil, food can not be grown. In
addition environmental pollution spoils the natural beauty of our planet.
Pollution is as complicated as serious problem. Automobiles are
polluting the air but they provide transportation for the people. Factories
pollute the air and the water but they provide jobs for people and produce
necessary goods. Fertilizers and pesticides are important for growing crops but
they can ruin soil.
Thus, people would have to stop using many useful things if they
wanted to end pollution immediately. Most people do not want that of course.
But pollution can be reduced gradually.
Scientists and engineers can find the ways to reduce pollution from
automobiles and factories. Government can pass the laws that would make
enterprises take measures for reducing of pollution. Individuals and groups of
people can work together to persuade enterprises to stop polluting activities.
Загрязнение
окружающей среды
Люди
всегда загрязняли окружающую среду. Однако до последнего времени загрязнение не
было такой серьезной проблемой. Люди жили в слабозаселенных
сельскохозяйственных областях, у них не было загрязняющих природу машин. С
развитием перенаселенных промышленных городов, в которых огромные количества
отходов выбрасывались на маленькой площади, эта проблема стала гораздо
серьезнее.
Автомобили
и другие новые изобретения делают загрязнение все интенсивнее. В конце 60-х
годов люди начали ощущать тревогу в связи с опасностью загрязнения окружающей
среды.
Воздух,
вода и почва необходимы для существования всех живых существ. Однако
загрязненный воздух может послужить причиной болезни и даже смерти.
Загрязненная вода убивает рыб и других морских животных. На загрязненной почве
не могут выращиваться пищевые культуры. Кроме того, загрязнение окружающей
среды портит природную красоту нашей планеты.
Проблема
загрязнения окружающей среды так же сложна, как и серьезна. Автомобили
загрязняют воздух, но предоставляют людям возможность передвижения. Фабрики
загрязняют воздух и воду, но они предоставляют работу людям и производят
необходимые товары. Удобрения и пестициды важны для сельского хозяйства, но они
могут разрушать почву.
Таким
образом, людям пришлось бы прекратить пользоваться многими полезными вещами, если
бы они захотели прекратить загрязнение окружающей среды сразу. Большинство
людей, конечно, этого не хочет. Однако загрязнение может быть сокращено
постепенно.
Ученые
и инженеры могут найти пути сокращения вредных выбросов от автомобилей и
фабрик. Правительство может издать законы, которые бы заставили предприятия
принять меры для уменьшения загрязнения. Отдельные лица и группы людей могут
сотрудничать, чтобы убедить предприятия прекратить виды деятельности, вызывающие
загрязнение окружающей среды.
Questions:
1. Why wasn't pollution such as a serious problem earlier?
2. When have people become alarmed with the danger of pollution?
3. What can environmental pollution cause?
4. Why is pollution a complicated problem?
5. Can pollution be stopped immediately?
6. What can government and individuals do to reduce pollution?
Vocabulary:
environment pollution - загрязнение окружающей среды
uncrowded — слабонаселенный
rural
— сельскохозяйственный
pollution-causing
— вызывающий загрязнение
crowded
— густонаселенный
pollutants
— отходы
invention
— изображение
soil
— грунт, земля
existahce
— существование
goods
— товары
fertilizer — удобрение
pesticide — пестицид
to grow — выращивать
crops
— сельскохозяйственные культуры
to ruin — портить
immediately — сразу, немедленно
to reduce — уменьшить
gradually — постепенно
to pass a law — принять закон
enterprise — предприятие
to take measures — принять меры
to
persuade — убедить
activity
— деятельность
Список литературы
Для
подготовки данной работы были использованы материалы с сайта alleng/
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