Treatise Of Government By John Locke Essay, Research Paper
The Beginning of Property
Private property plays an important role in the theory of Locke.Locke answers several questions in his discussion of property. At what point does an item become private property? How does man acquire property? What amount of private property can a person have? How do you measure this amount? Locke also looks at how value and communities emerged from the establishment of property.
Locke begins by saying that God gave the world to mankind. Every feature of the world was common to man, meaning that the world belonged to everyone. When God gave the world to man, he also gave man reason to make the best use out of it. The earth, and all that is therein, is given to men for the support and comfort of their being(Locke, 18). We have to remember that all these things, such as soil, trees, and fruits,are here for everyone to use, but are of no use unless they are removed from their natural state in some way. How are they removed from their natural state that God created them
in?
Labour is a property in itself but also leads to the creation of private property. A property is something that someone owns. Locke says that every man has a property in his own person. The labour of his body, and the work of his hands, we may say, are properly his (Locke,19). Labour is a property of man, something man owns, and by the means of labour, man is able to remove something out of it s natural state. When this object is removed out of it s natural state by labour, it excludes the common right of other men to the object, thus becoming the property of the labourer.
From this concept of labour, comes the question of how to measure property. The measure of property is determined by the extent of man s labour and conveniences of life (Locke, 22). God gave us earth, more specifically ground, but without labour. In this case the ground is useless. Man was forced to labour as a means of survival. Without labour, man would not have the essentials, such as food and shelter, which are needed to survive. The outcome of man s labour is his property. God forced men to labour (or have
property),thus creating the condition of life.
The rule of propriety states that every man is allowed to posses as many products of nature as he was capable of laboring. If these products perished in his possession before he was able to use them, he would be taking away from others, an action that was punishable. This rule applies to determining the amount of property one can acquire.
As the population increased and as property took on value, there was a need for boundaries between the private properties of different owners. For it is labour indeed that puts the difference of value on every thing (Locke, 25). What Locke is saying here is that the more labour that is put into harvesting a corn field, the more the corn the proprietor will get out of the land, and the more value the land will have. Locke says of the products of the earth useful to the life of man nine tenths are the effects of labour
(Locke, 25). In effect, the increase of land meant an increase in the employment of land, which built the foundations for the cities, industry, and government that emerged.
Private property led to bartering, usually trading non-perishable items such as money, for perishable items such as fruit. As Locke states it, man is exceeding the bounds of his just property not lying in the largeness of his possession (Locke,28). The invention of money, a private property, gave man the opportunity to enlarge his possessions, status, and wealth.
Locke s theory of property emerged in the sixteenth century. We need to examine a scenario to understand how Locke s theory applies to the nineteenth century.
When the Gallup Poll conducts a census, it sends questionnaires to the population that it needs to receive information from. For example, staticians that work for the Gallup Poll are trying to receive information about the lives of working parents. The poll sends questionnaires only to parents that work. When Mr. Jones, CEO president, reads the question How does working a night shift affect your child s life? he is going to interpret it differently then Mrs.Smith, the librarian, when she reads it. Why? Because each person
comes from a different background. Society, political events, family life, social life, time period, and many other factors influence the way a person views something. It is merely impossible to find a question that will have the same meaning to each person. How can Locke s universally known theory be applied to each person?
The answer to this question is that Locke s theory of property can not incorporate each person into it s meaning. The information that Locke wrote applied to the sixteenth century. This is by no means Locke s fault because he could not predict the way of life in the nineteenth century. I am sympathetic with Locke s viewpoint. To an extent I agree with every point he makes. What I do not agree with is the fact that his theory excludescertain people, such as the poor and disabled.
God gave the world to mankind for everyone to share. God created the world so that everything, including everyone would be equal. We know that the world was useless without labour. What Locke failed to include in his theory was that certain people such as the disabled may not be able to use their bodies for labour. This means that they are unable to produce their own food, shelter, and other necessities to survive.The outcome
of man s labour is his property.Does this mean that a disabled person can not have the necessities for survival? God forced men to labour(to survive),thus creating the condition of life. If a person is not able to supply physical labour, does this mean he does not have the right to survive? God created the condition of life, thus causing the disabled to be unequal. Locke says, every man has a property in his own person (Locke,19), referring to the labour of one s body. If man does not have labour does he not have property?
The same concept applies to people who are poor. Poor people have nothing of value, no goods to trade for land, so how are they supposed to provide for themselves? They could work for others, but what if they have no skill? Man was forced to labour as means of survival. Does being poor take away the right to survive?
God gave the world to mankind but he left it in the hands of man to use, distribute,and place value upon. The extent of labour leads to the extent of wealth, which can be traced back to God and his creation (the world). Those who are excluded in the acquisition of property are the misfortunate and also result from God and his creation. One gave title to the other. So that God, by commanding to subdue, gave authority so far to appropriate: and the condition of human life, which requires labour and materials to work on, necessarily introduces private possessions (Locke,22).
3a8
Другие работы по теме:
The Nature Of Government Essay Research Paper
John Locke, an influential early liberal English philosopher, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a brilliant political theorist and one of the main figures of the enlightenment, have a considerable importance in political thought, for which they are best known.
The Sale Of Public Auctions Essay Research
Paper The sale at public auction of personal property in the United States has a rich history and has been successfully used for three centuries. Auctions are one of the best businesses and are ranked in the top ten businesses in the world to sell personal property. Auctions are the best way to liquidate your property, sell your personal property and to get cash in your pocket.
Locke And Equality Essay Research Paper First
Locke And Equality Essay, Research Paper First of all,the basis for understanding Locke is that he sees all people as having natural God given rights. As God’s creations, this denotes a certain equality.
Respect Essay Research Paper It is something
Respect Essay, Research Paper It is something everyone wants, not many have, and few want to give. Most people would appreciate “just a little bit,” and most should give just that. Unfortunately, a lot of the time, this does not happen. Perhaps this is because the concept of respect is not understood. What exactly is respect? The dictionary defines it as an act of giving particular attention or high or special regard.
Nds Security Essay Research Paper NDS Object
Nds Security Essay, Research Paper NDS Object and Property Rights NDS security is similar in many ways the file system security. The file system security is controlled through access rights given through trustee assignments to directories and through directory and file attributes. NDS security uses an Access Control List (ACL) to give trustee assignments to objects on the NDS tree.
Slaves Essay Research Paper In what way
Slaves Essay, Research Paper In what way do proletarians differ from slaves? The slave is sold once and for all; the proletarian must sell himself daily and hourly.
Personality Essay Research Paper Freud Piaget Erikson
Personality Essay, Research Paper Freud, Piaget, Erikson, and Maslow are the last name of prominent psychologists. They have all gone to great lengths to develop their own unique theories. The theories that they have created, pertaining to personality, happen to be the four best-known theories of personality growth.
Ammendment 5 Essay Research Paper The fifth
Ammendment 5 Essay, Research Paper The fifth ammendment. Today in America, criminals have the right to self incrimination. Criminals should not be allowed to have this right. This allows criminals to hide the truth from the jury. Amendment five should should not stand today because it gives criminals protection, under law, that they should not have.
British Constitution Essay Research Paper Amendment IIRight
British Constitution Essay, Research Paper Amendment II [Right of people to bear arms not to be infringed.] A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.
Nowhere Essay Research Paper Free sdafdfs
Nowhere Essay, Research Paper Free sdafdfs sdfhasdjf adf asdf askdfhj;asf hasd fas fasd fasdfasdf asdfj askdhfasf ds fasd fasdfasd fsadfas f fsdafasdfasdfsdafsdfsdafasdfsdfasgasgasghhfadhasghashashashafhafhadghfgahgafghafghafhgafshafhafhafhagasfhsfhgadGahafghasghasfhgafhafhaf gafgasfgafhafhafhafdhaffhdahf ad fafsdafsdfasdfasdf By Posting paper to the site, then you are waiving your copyrights to it.
The Design And Development Of My Circuit
Was A Task That Merged Into One Essay, Research Paper The design and development of my circuit was a task that merged into one. This is because in order to design a circuit to follow such
Role Of Property Philosophers Of Glorious Revolution
? In England Essay, Research Paper The Role of Property In the seventeenth-century, England was recovering from the “Glorious Revolution” and political thought centered on the issues of nature and the limits of government. Two great political thinkers, John Locke and Thomas Hobbes took a scientific approach to analyze government and focused on the state of nature and natural rights of individuals.
To Kill A Mockingbird 5 Essay Research
Paper Maycomb s Twins Certain uncanny resemblance s between Tom Robinson and Boo Radley s lives exist in Harper Lee s To Kill A Mockingbird. In this novel, Boo Radley and Tom Robinson both symbolize the mockingbird. A mockingbird is a harmless bird that makes the world more pleasant with it s song. Both Boo and Tom were peaceful people who never did any harm.
Property Management Essay Research Paper In the
Property Management Essay, Research Paper In the past few years’ people have been saying that Oakland is going down the drain. Its true Oakland has gone from a peace full community to a society that strives on hate and drugs. I feel that if Oakland had professional Property management then it would no longer have the current problems of ghettos.
Adolescence And Moral Development Essay Research Paper
Adolescence and Moral Development Two major reasons exist for studying moral development and during adolescence. First, congnitive changes that occur during adolescence are related to moral develpment. formal operational thinking allows the adolescent to interpret the social environment in new and different ways.
John Locke 2
John Locke’s Views On Property Essay, Research Paper I feel that after reading John Locke’s views on property and also the views of Ward Churchill, that the distribution of property in America as we know it is not legitimate.
What Is Wrong With Killing Essay Research
Paper What is wrong with Killing? Apparently, the killing of human beings whether people accept it or not, exists within our ever growing society. Obviously it’s against the law, however does this make it wrong? The answer to this question is no. From a religious perspective killing another individual is wrong.
Air Pollution And Government Itervention Essay Research
Paper It is generally accepted that the cause of air pollution is the ill-defined private property rights on air. But transaction costs matter too. Market is costly. After the defination of private property rights on air, it is very difficult, even impossible to charge the people who pollute air. The transaction costs of doing so is considerable.
John Locke 4 Essay Research Paper John
John Locke 4 Essay, Research Paper John Locke embraced many ideas Hobbes presented in his theories on the state of nature and the rise of government and society. They differed however, in that Locke believed that God was the prime factor in politics. He believed that individuals were born with certain natural rights given not by government or society, but by God.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Essay Research Paper The
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Essay, Research Paper The measurement of nuclear and electron magnetic resonance on bulk materials was made possible by Felix Bloch and Edward Purcell and in 1952 they shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work. Until then, magnetic resonance was a measurable phenomena in which atoms were shot through a magnet as a beam.
Career Development Model Essay Research Paper Career
Career Development Model Essay, Research Paper Career Development The Career Development Model is a step-by-step plan that helps you effectively plan your career and allows you to make decisions based on a large database of information you have collected concerning your future career. In this model there are three stages that one should follow to achieve an accurate picture of where you want to go with your future.
Second Treatise Of Government By John Locke
Essay, Research Paper n the Second Treatise of Government by John Locke, he writes about the right to private property. In the chapter which is titled ?Of Property? he tells how the right to private property originated, the role it plays in the state of nature, the limitations that are set on the rights of private property, the role the invention of money played in property rights and the role property rights play after the establishment of government..
Real Estate Essay Research Paper Mathematics
Real Estate Essay, Research Paper Mathematics ? Knowledge of numbers, their operations, and interrelationships including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications
John Locke Philosophy Essay Research Paper The
John Locke Philosophy Essay, Research Paper The basic elements in John Locke’s political theory are natural rights, social contract, and government by consent, and right of revolution. Locke was very concerned with the “property right” and derived property right from higher law. He also declared that natural law remained valuable in civil society as the fundamental measure of men’s rights.
Locke Vs Marx Essay Research Paper For
Locke Vs. Marx Essay, Research Paper For many political theorists and thinkers, the ideas of labor and property are central to the evolution of governments or states, and henceforth, very important aspects of human life. For some writers, the development of property is a direct result of labor, and government is set up to ensure the property rights of those who own property.
Bath And Body Works Store Essay Research
Paper Central Michigan Life February 26, 2001 Bath and Body Works Opens Store In Mt. Pleasant Summary: A Bath and Body Works store is opening in Mt. Pleasant. This store contains many brands including Victoria’s Secret, Bath and Body Works and the White Barn and Candle Company.
Hunting Essay Research Paper HuntingHunting is good
Hunting Essay, Research Paper Hunting Hunting is good in many ways. Hunting helps to stabilize deer so they don?t get on our property and eat our shrubs. It also brings families together on a Saturday or Sunday with a father and son or even just with friends. Some people even like it as a hobby for relaxation or fun.
Freud Essay Research Paper Freud
Freud Essay, Research Paper Freud’s Personality Theory The development of gender roles in deifferent forms of feminsm gives us a revealing overview of Freud’s personality theory. It is relatively
Child Development Essay Research Paper I really
Child Development Essay, Research Paper I really enjoyed reading about cognitive and social development in infancy, I can relate to it after being around my nephew and niece when they were going
Sac And Fox Nation Essay Research Paper
Sac and Fox Nation plans state?s largest gaming center Stroud, OK ? The Sac and Fox Nation officials have announced the tribe has selected an Oklahoma company to build and manage the largest Indian tribal gaming center in the state.