Antibiotics And Penicillin Essay, Research Paper
Antibiotics and Penicillin
Antibiotics was created to kill the growth of infectious
organisms, produced by bacteria or molds that are toxic to other micro-
organisms .Antibiotic refers to antibacterials all antibiotics are more toxic
to an organism than they are to an animal or human. How they made
antibiotics was not understood until the late 20th century. the principle
of using organic compounds to fight infection has been known since ancient
times. Plant extracts were used for medicine for centuries and still used
today as home remedies. They also used cheese molds for the treatment of
infection. The first observation of what would now be called an antibiotic
effect was made in the 19th century by a French chemist Louis Pasteur who
discovered that certain bacteria could kill anthrax bacilli the first antibiotic
to be used successfully in the treatment of human disease was
TYROTHRICIN the medicine was too toxic for general use but was used for
external treatment for infections. Another antibiotic called Antinomycetes
have been more successful. This was discovered in 1944 by biologist Selman
waksman which at the time was the biggest treatment for tuberculosis.
Since antibiotics came into general use in the 1950?s they have
changed dramatically the difference between disease and death. Many
diseases in which had people dying were improved dramatically and some
of these diseases are tuberculosis, pneumonia, septicemia. Surgical
procedures have also been improved. The most well known antibiotic is
Penicillin and it has been used to fight many infectious diseases such as
syphilis, gonorrhea, tetanus and scarlet fever.
The action of penicillin was first observed in 1928 by a British
bacteriologist Sir Alexander Flemming but 10 years passed before penicillin
was studied by a British biochemist called Ernst chain and a British
pathologist called Sir Howard Florey they prepared penicillin isolated from
fungus for testing against all kind of bacteria and after allot of work
they tested on a mice and they all survived. then in 1940 the results were
published and the first human clinical to test penicillin was done. Penicillin
acts both by killing bacteria and by inhibiting their growth. It only kills the
organisms that are growing and reproducing. Big containers filled with
liquid and nutrients necessary for molds to grow are used to grow large
amounts of penicillin. penicillin was originally produced by growing
penicillium notatum mold in small containers. There are four types of
penicillin. These are penicillin G types, ampicillin, penicillinase and the
extended penicilling. Penicillin g types are effective against steptoccocci and
some negative bacteria. Penicillin G is used to treat syphillis, Gonorrhea,
Meningitis, Anthrax and yaws. The other penicillins have a similar range but
are less effective.
Penicillin are given for throat infections , pneumonia, spinal
meningitis, gas gangrene, diphtheria, syphilis and gonorrhea. Side effects
are minor but could include Skin Rashes, swelling , shock , anemia,
nephritis. penicillin can be obtained at hospitals as well as pharmacies.
The dosage of penicillin are measure in terms of international units.
Each of these units is equal to 0.0006 g of the crystalline fraction of
penicillin. In the early days of penicillin the drug was given in small doses
every three hours now just with one injection it can last four weeks.
Depending on the kind of penicillin it could vary in price but they are very
cheap. a pack of 24 tablets can only cost eight dollars.
In my opinion I th
Другие работы по теме:
Sun Poisoning Essay Research Paper Sun poisoningSun
Sun Poisoning Essay, Research Paper Sun poisoning Sun poisoning affects 10 percent of women and three percent of men in the general population. Sun poisoning is a reaction to overexposure to the sun in areas of the skin most exposed to sunlight. Sun poisoning is a pimply, itchy eruption, which comes despite dark complexion or sunscreen protection.
Antibiotics And Children Essay Research Paper A
Antibiotics And Children Essay, Research Paper A very important issue concerning the children of today is the excess prescribing of antibiotics and the dangers that are being created. Everyday, more and more children are being prescribed any easy solution to a very tough problem. There is a constant push from pharmaceutical companies, parents, and massive marketing companies to try the next antibiotic remedy, but as we look towards the future and the diseases that can be created by this quick fix, we should turn to our attention to alternatives remedies.
Lyme Disease Essay Research Paper The topic
Lyme Disease Essay, Research Paper The topic that I have chosen was Lyme disease. I reason I chose this topic was because it is a very serious problem. This disease though not usually fatal can cause serious illness. Lyme Disease an infection caused by a spirochete (spiral shaped bacterium) that is transmitted to humans by the bite of an Ixodus tick that?s been infected.
Medical Bills Essay Research Paper November 12
Medical Bills Essay, Research Paper November 12, 1999 To whom it may Concern, Over a year and a half ago, I was diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis in all extremities. As the months passed, even while on medication, it became
What Doesnt Kill Them Makes Them Stronger
Essay, Research Paper What Doesn?t Kill Them Makes Them Stronger Humans live in constant contact with not only plants and animals, but also with bacteria. Bacteria are everywhere: in water and soil and in the bodies of
Antibiotics Essay Research Paper Fact Sheet No
Antibiotics Essay, Research Paper Fact Sheet No 194May 1998 ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCEAntimicrobial agents (antibiotics and related medicinal products) are among the wonder drugs of the twentieth century. They have transformed our ability to treat many infectious diseases that were previously killers.
Folk Medicine Essay Research Paper Antibiotics have
Folk Medicine Essay, Research Paper Antibiotics have played a major role in our society thanks to Sir Alexander Fleming’s careful observations in 1928. Without it, many lives would be in danger due to infectious diseases.
Penicillin Essay Research Paper My topic for
Penicillin Essay, Research Paper My topic for the top one hundred news stories of the century is Penicillin. I choose this subject because I felt I needed to prove that it is more than just an antibiotic or just a mold. In the following paragraphs I hope to make my point clear.
Cows Essay Research Paper Our land our
Cows Essay, Research Paper Our land our bodies and our cows are all effected by the meet industry. Our land and water is getting polluted from animal waste. Our bodies are
Beef Essay Research Paper What is Europe
Beef Essay, Research Paper What is Europe’s Beef About Our Beef? Right now Europe is fighting for the right to refuse to import beef from the U.S. and Canada that has been grown with the aid of artificial hormones. The purpose of these hormones is to force the livestock to grow in a rapid, unnatural way. Beef has been grown this way in North America for some time, and is sold with no special labeling.
The Evolution Of AntibioticResistant Bacteria Essay Research
Paper Since antibiotics, such as penicillin, became widely available in the 1940s, they have been called miracle drugs. They have been able to eliminate bacteria without significantly harming the other cells of the host. Now with each passing year, bacteria that are immune to antibiotics have become more and more common.
Antibiotic Resistance Essay Research Paper Horror movies
Antibiotic Resistance Essay, Research Paper Horror movies graphically reveal the ravages of killer plagues and flesh-eating bacteria, but behind this Hollywood hype is a story of real immanent danger. Antibiotic resistant strains of staph and strep are putting the lives and health of people at risk. When first discovered, about 75 years ago, antibiotics were touted as a miracle cure, which they literally were.
Antibiotic Resistance Essay Research Paper Antibiotic ResistanceAntibiotic
Antibiotic Resistance Essay, Research Paper Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria that cause infection are not killed by the antibiotics taken to stop the infection. The bacteria survive and continue to multiply causing more harm. Widespread use of antibiotics promotes the spread of antibiotic resistance.
Antibiotics Essay Research Paper 46 Antibiotics
Antibiotics Essay, Research Paper 46. Antibiotics Antibiotics are chemical compounds used to kill or inhibit the growth of infectious organisms. Originally the term antibiotic referred only to organic compounds, produced by bacteria or molds, that are toxic to other microorganisms. The term is now used loosely to include synthetic and semisynthetic organic compounds.
Leprosy Essay Research Paper Disease ProjectLeprosyOut of
Leprosy Essay, Research Paper Disease Project-Leprosy Out of all the diseases that exist today, one of them has always been considered a curse of the damned. It did not kill people, nor did it seem to end. In biblical times, the
Bacteria Essay Research Paper True cells
Bacteria Essay, Research Paper True cells with a wall, membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and DNA. No distinct nucleus DNA not incorporated in chromosomes but comprising a single, circular strand Bacteria
The Advent Of Penicillin Essay Research Paper
The advent of penicillin forever changed the world of medicine at its discovery with its ability to treat diseases, deadly at the time, that are now considered commonplace and easily treatable. Penicillin was one of the greatest discoveries of the twentieth century, as antibiotics are one of the most highly prescribed drugs in the world today.
Genetic Engineering Essay Research Paper Generic EngineeringBioengineering
Genetic Engineering Essay, Research Paper Generic EngineeringBioengineering, or genetic engineering is an altering ofgenes in a particular species for a particular outcome.It involves taking genes from their normal location in oneorganism and either transferring them elsewhere or puttingthem back into the original organism in different combinations.Most biomolecules exist in low concentrations and as complex, mixedpopulations which it is not possible to work efficiently.
Gonorrhea Essay Research Paper email bertojnvalunetnetGONORRHEANearly 750000
Gonorrhea Essay, Research Paper email: bertojn@valunetGONORRHEANearly 750,000 cases of gonorrhea are reported annually in the United States. Another 750,000 unreported cases, mostly among teenagers and young adults, are believed to occur each year. The annual cost of gonorrhea and its complications is estimated at close to $1 billion.
Disease And You Essay Research Paper Disease
Disease And You Essay, Research Paper Disease and You Human Disease and Their Control follow up questions 1a) When people refer to pathogens, they are talking about bacteria that cause disease.
Antibiotic Resistance Essay Research Paper Darwins theory
Antibiotic Resistance Essay, Research Paper Darwin?s theory of evolution can be explained like this; the environment acts as a selective agent, weeding out organisms less able to survive. Darwin described natural selection as a process in which organisms become better adapted to their environment. The organisms that evolved with beneficial variations are more likely to survive and reproduce, they pass on the favorable genetic material.
Antibiotic Resistance Essay Research Paper
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria: “The more times you use a drug, the more it will decrease the effect it has on you.” For about 50 years, antibiotics have been the answer to many bacterial infections. Antibiotics
Expert Systems In Health Care Essay Research
Paper A case referring to the beneficial use of the expert systems in the health sector was the attempt of the LDS Hospital in Salt Lake city,Utah to build the most complex artificial intelligence system ever created according to the words of DR David Classen.Its name was AIC or Antibiotic Computer Consultant and it was part of HELP(Health Evaluation through Logical Processing), which was LDS s hospital information system.
Useful Bacteria Essay Research Paper Useful bacteriaWhat
Useful Bacteria Essay, Research Paper Useful bacteria What association usually comes to mind when we think about bacteria?? Most likely at the mention of bacteria, we think of germs and of disease and of how we need to sterilize to keep them from harming us. Most of us, however, tend to ignore the fact that although humans do their best each day to cook and sterilize away the tiny micro-organisms known as bacteria, there are literally thousands and thousands that surround and affect our lives uniquely every day.
Herpes Essay Research Paper Viruses are infectious
Herpes Essay, Research Paper Viruses are infectious agents found in almost all life forms. The viruses are made up either of DNA or RNA, surrounded by a capsid, a protein coat. Viruses are between 20 and 100 times smaller than bacteria, or about 450 nanometers(.000014), being the largest, to 30 nanometers(0.000001 in.) being the smallest which make them virtually impossible to be seen by light microscopes.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Gonorrhea Essay Research Paper
Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Gonorrhea Gonorrhea is an infectious sexually transmitted disease that is spread by the sexual contact of humans. Characterized by a discharge of pus, it is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a gonococcus bacterium. It primarily involves the mucous membranes of the urogenital tract and affects mostly the moist surfaces of the human sex organs.
Bacterial Resistance Essay Research Paper Bacterial resistance
Bacterial Resistance Essay, Research Paper Bacterial resistance is a problem that has profoundly impacted the medical community. Bacterial resistance results when bacteria become resistant to individual antibiotics through the development of specific defense mechanisms which render the antibiotic ineffective.
Animal Testing Essay Research Paper The American
Animal Testing Essay, Research Paper The American Medical Association has stated that it believes that research-involving animals is essential to maintaining and improving the health of human beings. They point out that all advances in medical science in the 20th century, from antibiotics to organ transplants, has been achieved either directly or indirectly through the use of animals in laboratory experiments.
Infectious Mononucleosis Essay Research Paper Infections Mononucleosis
Infectious Mononucleosis Essay, Research Paper Infections Mononucleosis, also known as mono, is a viral infection that effects mostly adolescents and young adults. It is caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). This virus is spread mainly by saliva, which gives it the nickname, “the kissing disease” (Daughtry; InteliHealth).
Gene Therapy Essay Research Paper What is
Gene Therapy Essay, Research Paper What is Gene Therapy? What types of gene therapies cure genetic diseases? Many diseases seen today are the result of a defective gene in the DNA of thepatient and cannot be cured using the traditional methods such as antibiotics and antiviral medication. The victims are now looking to gene therapy as a potential cure for their problems.