Since ancient times Nature has served Man, being the source of his
life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it
seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of
civilization man's interference in nature began to increase.
Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises appear
all over the world today. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we
breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables on.
Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000
million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from
smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the
oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and
plants disappear forever, a number of rivers and lakes dry up.
The pollution of air and the world's ocean, destruction of the ozone
layer is the result of man's careless interaction with nature, a sign of the
ecological crises.
The most horrible ecological disaster befell Ukraine and its people after the Chernobyl tragedy in April 1986. About 18 percent of the territory of Byelarus were also polluted with radioactive substances. A great damage has
been done to the agriculture, forests and people's health. The consequences of
this explosion at the atomic power-station are tragic for the Ukrainian,
Byelorussian and other nations.
Environmental protection is of a universal concern. That is why
serious measures to create a system of ecological security should be taken.
Some progress has been already made in this direction. As many as
159 countries — members of the UNO — have set up environmental protection
agencies. Numerous conferences have been held by these agencies to discuss
problems facing ecologically poor regions including the Aral Sea, the South
Urals, Kuzbass, Donbass, Semipalatinsk and Chernobyl.
An international environmental research centre has been set up on Lake Baikal. The international organisation Greenpeace is also doing much to preserve the
environment.
But these are only the initial steps and they must be carried onward
to protect nature, to save life on the planet not only for the sake of the
present but also for the future generations.
Экологические
проблемы
С
древних времен природа служит человеку, являясь источником его жизни. Тысячи
лет люди жили в гармонии с окружающей средой. И им казалось, что природные
богатства неисчерпаемы. Но с развитием цивилизации человек все больше стал
вмешиваться в природу.
Во
всем мире появляются большие города с тысячами дымящих промышленных
предприятий. Побочные продукты их деятельности загрязняют воздух, которым мы
дышим, воду, которую мы пьем, землю, на которой мы выращиваем пшеницу и овощи.
Каждый
год мировая промышленность вырабатывает один миллион тонн пыли и других вредных
веществ. Многие города страдают от смога. Огромные леса вырубаются и сжигаются.
Их исчезновение нарушает кислородный баланс. В результате некоторые редкие виды
животных, птиц, рыб и растений навсегда исчезают. Высыхают многие реки и озера.
Загрязнение
воздуха и мирового океана, разрушение озонового слоя являются результатом
небрежного обращения с природой, признаком экологического кризиса.
Самая
ужасная экологическая катастрофа постигла Украину и ее народ после
чернобыльской трагедии в апреле 1986 г. Также около восемнадцати процентов
территории Белоруссии было загрязнено радиоактивными веществами. Был нанесен
большой урон сельскому хозяйству, лесам и здоровью людей. Последствия этого
взрыва на атомной станции трагические для украинцев, белорусов и других наций.
Защита
окружающей среды — всеобщая забота. Вот почему необходимо принять серьезные
меры для разработки системы экологической безопасности.
В
этом направлении уже достигнут определенный прогресс. 159 стран — членов ООН
организовали агентства по защите окружающей среды. Этими агентствами были
проведены многочисленные конференции, на которых обсуждались проблемы, стоящие
перед экологически неблагополучными регионами, включая Аральское море, Южный
Урал, Кузбасс, Донбасс, Семипалатинск и Чернобыль.
На
озере Байкал был открыт международный центр ш> следований окружающей среды.
Международная организация "Гринпис" делает многое для того, чтобы
сохранить окружающую среду.
Но
это всего лишь первые шаги, и надо двигаться вперед, защищая природу, сохраняя
жизнь на планете, не только ради настоящего, но и для будущих поколений.
Questions:
1. How did people live for thousands of years?
2. What cities appear all over the world today?
3. What pollutes the air we breathe?
4. What is the result of the pollution the atmosphere?
5. Why is environmental protection of a universal concern?
6. What are the initial steps in this direction?
Vocabulary:
ancient — древний
harmony — гармония
environment — окружающая среда
riches — богатства
unlimited — неограниченный
to interfere — вмешиваться
to
increase — увеличиваться, возрастать
smoky
— дымный
enterprises
— предприятия
by-product
— побочный продукт
activity
— деятельность
to pollute — загрязнять
substances — вещества
oxigen — кислород
rare — редкий
destruction — разрушение
ozone — озон
layer — слой
interaction — взаимодействие
horrible — ужасный
disaster — катастрофа
to
befall — пасть (на что-то)
Список литературы
Для
подготовки данной работы были использованы материалы с сайта alleng/
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