Russian Revolution Essay, Research Paper
The Russian Revolution
This was two revolutions, the first in February/March, overthrew the imperial government and the second of which, in October/November, placed the Bolsheviks in power. By 1917 the bond between the Tsar and most of the Russian people had been broken. Government corruption and inefficiency were rampant. The Tsar’s intransigent policies, including the occasional dissolution of the Duma, or Russian parliament, the chief fruit of the 1905 revolution, had spread dissatisfaction even to moderate elements. The Russian Empire’s many ethnic minorities grew increasingly restless under Russian domination. It was the government’s inefficient prosecution of World War I that finally provided the challenge the old regime could not meet. Ill-equipped and poorly led, Russian armies suffered catastrophic losses in campaign after campaign against German armies. The war made revolution inevitable in two ways: it showed Russia was no longer a military match for the nations of central and western Europe, and it hopelessly disrupted the economy. Riots over the scarcity of food broke out in the capital, Petrograd (formerly St. Petersburg), on February 24 (March 8), and, when most of the Petrograd garrison joined the revolt, Tsar Nicholas II was forced to renounce March 2. When his brother, Grand Duke Michael, refused the throne, more than 300 years of rule by the Romanov dynasty came to an end. A committee of the Duma appointed a Provisional Government to succeed the autocracy, but it faced a rival in the Petrograd Soviet of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies. The 2,500 delegates to this soviet were chosen from factories and military units in and around Petrograd. The Soviet soon proved that it had greater authority than the Provisional Government, which sought to continue Russia’s participation in the European war. On March 1 the Soviet issued its famous Order No. 1, which directed the military to obey only the orders of the Soviet and not those of the Provisional Government. The Provisional Government was unable to countermand the order. All that now prevented the Petrograd Soviet from openly declaring itself the real government of Russia was fear of provoking a conservative coup. Between March and October the Provisional Government was reorganized four times. The first government was composed entirely of liberal ministers, with the exception of the Socialist Revolutionary Aleksandr F. Kerensky. The subsequent governments were coalitions. None of them, however, was able to cope adequately with the major problems afflicting the country: peasant land seizures, nationalist independence movements in non-Russian areas, and the collapse of army morale at the front. Meanwhile, soviets on the Petrograd model, in far closer contact with the sentiments of the people than the Provisional Government was, had been organized in cities and major towns and in the army. In these soviets, “defeatist” sentiment, favouring Russian withdrawal from the war on almost any terms, was growing. One reason was that radical socialists increasingly dominated the soviet movement.
At the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets, convened on June 3 (June 16), the Socialist Revolutionaries were the largest single bloc, followed by the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks. Kerensky became head of the Provisional Government in July and put down a coup attempted by army commander in chief Lavr Georgiyevich Kornilov, but he was increasingly unable to halt Russia’s slide into political, economic, and military chaos, and his party suffered a major split as the left wing broke from the Socialist Revolutionary Party. But while the Provisional Government’s power waned, that of the soviets was increasing, as was the Bolsheviks’ influence within them. By September the Bolsheviks and their allies, the Left Socialist Revolutionaries, had overtaken the Socialist Revolutionaries and Mensheviks and held majorities in both the Petrograd and Moscow soviets. By autumn the Bolshevik program of “peace, land, and bread” had won the party considerable support among the hungry urban workers and the soldiers, who were already deserting from the ranks in large numbers. Although a previous coup attempt (the July Days;) had failed, the time now seemed ripe. On October 24-25 the Bolsheviks and Left Socialist Revolutionaries staged a nearly bloodless coup, occupying government buildings, telegraph stations, and other strategic points. Kerensky’s attempt to organize resistance proved futile, and he fled the country. The Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets, which convened in Petrograd simultaneously with the coup, approved the formation of a new government composed mainly of Bolshevik commissars.
32b
Другие работы по теме:
Russian Revolution Essay Research Paper Power To
Russian Revolution Essay, Research Paper Power. To most people, being in complete and total control is not a vital necessity in their everyday lives. Having some influence is gladly welcomed, but having absolute power over millions and millions of people is not the top priority on their “to do” list.
Middle Of Russian Revolution Essay Research Paper
The Middle of the Russian Revolution The Split of the Social Democratic Workers Party in 1903 caused to groups to form: The Mensheviks, or Those of the Minority (opponents of the Bolsheviks), which initially cooperated with the Provisional Government in March 1917, and the Bolsheviks, which were the Marxist Communist party led by Lenin.
Animal Farm Essay Research Paper The novel
Animal Farm Essay, Research Paper The novel Animal Farm is a satire on the Russian revolution, and therefore full of symbolism. General Orwell associates certain real characters with the characters of
Marxism And The Revolution Essay Essay Research
Paper Marxism and the Revolution Essay Two important ideal s in Marx s ideas were the philosophies of Materialism and Dialectics. Materialism in philosophy is the recognition that the material word, the world we can see, hear, feel and touch is the only real world. Therefore it is logical to base our
Rock And Roll Essay Research Paper At
Rock And Roll Essay, Research Paper At the beginning at Enemy at the Gates, it showed the new Russian recruits being loaded onto trains to fight at Stalingrad. There was little organization, just a mob of young men
Why Animal Farm Is A Great Piece
Of Literature Essay, Research Paper Why Animal Farm Is A Great Piece Of Literature Animal Farm is a great piece of literature because it is a story unlike any other. It was written by George Orwell and was published in 1946. The story teaches us lessons of past history and lessons for the problems we face everyday.
Lenin Essay Research Paper lenin was born
Lenin Essay, Research Paper lenin was born 400 miles east of moscow, his background was highly privilaged. his father was a school inspector and in the army and his mother was the daughter of a docter. the first phase of lenins life was spent in political exile in siberia. his second phase in adult life was when he returned to russia following the collapse of tzarism. in october 1917 he became head of the russian government. his work eventually destroyed his health. during the final period of his life he was incapable of political activity. . lenin was a commited marxist who was against the old tzarism.
Stalin His Life Essay Research Paper No
Stalin His Life Essay, Research Paper No man more fully epitomized this era than Joseph Stalin did. As political, economic, and social leader, Joseph Stalin has emotionally, physically, psychologically, politically, economically, and socially affected Russia even to this day.
A Comparison Of Animal Farm And The
Russian Revolution Essay, Research Paper George Orwell?s controversial novel ?Animal Farm? has often been thought of as Orwell?s opinions, or interpretations of historical events that happened around the time it was written. The historical event that it is most often compared to is the Russian Revolution. ?Animal Farm? and the Russian Revolution have many similarities and ideas.
Russian Revolution Of 1917 Essay Research Paper
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION February Revolution At times, Nicholas II was warned by the Durma what disasters could take place if he didn t make any reforms. The Durma believed that a constitutional government should be started. Nicholas ignored these warnings. Soon after this a group of men killed Rasputin, hoping this would change the emperors mind, and Nicholas II responded by favoring Raspution s followers in court.
Animal Farm Essay Research Paper As I
Animal Farm Essay, Research Paper As I read the book “Animal Farm”, I have came to see that the story “Animal Farm” is a metaphor for the life in the USSR. We see how ” Animal Farm ” takes on personalities of social and political figures from the USSR. They relate to the social and political life of The USSR in how they act and live.
LongTerm Cause Of The Russian Revolution Essay
, Research Paper In 1812 Czar Alexander the First had sworn an oath that Russia would never make peace as long as an enemy stood on Russian soil. Little did he know that not much more than a century later the enemy was those who were native to the Russian soil-the people. The Russian Revolution was an event that shaped the rest of the 20th century worldwide.
Political Satire In Animal Farm Essay Research
Paper Political Satire in Animal Farm George Orwell, author of the highly acclaimed Animal Farm, wrote this fable in hopes of informing not only children, but also the population as a whole, of his views on the Russian Revolution and the rise of communism in that nation. The fable, a literary composition conveying a moral truth, clearly guides the readers through the steps and outcome of the Russian Revolution.
Communist Manifesto Essay Research Paper The Communist
Communist Manifesto Essay, Research Paper The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Fredrich Engles describes a theory of an economic system of a utopian society. Marx’s view was that the system could work through the abolition of the bourgeois class. The book states many criteria for the system to work, including an equal obligation of all to work, setting up a national bank, abolishing inheritance rights, free education for all children, child labor laws. .
Animal Farm And The Russian Revolution Essay
, Research Paper Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution have many similarities and ideas. The characters, settings, and the plots are the same. In addition Animal Farm is a satire and allegory of the Russian
Comparison And Contrast Apocalypse Now And Heart
Of Darkness Essay, Research Paper Comparison and Contrast: Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now In Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad s diction and choice of detail work to create an image of the Russian as absurd and surreal, showing the reader one possible effect (other than the creation of a Kurtz) of the combination of the power of darkness and Western culture.
Animal Farm Essay Research Paper Although George
Animal Farm Essay, Research Paper Although George Orwell was a Socialist, he was critical of Communism. He hated totalitarianism, and it has been said that his “Animal Farm” was written as a biting satire of the 1917 Russian Revolution. In fact, many of the characters in “Animal Farm” are thought to be caricatures of the main figures of the Russian Revolution.
Boris Pasternak Essay Research Paper Boris Pasternak
Boris Pasternak Essay, Research Paper Boris Pasternak was born in 1890 in Russia. He would alwayes stand up for what he believed in. Boris was a wise man that did not stand up for the issues the communists pushed on him during his day. This made him a target of the Russian government. The government was arresting people like him quite often but still he did not bend to write their propaganda.
Animal Farm By Orwell Essay Research Paper
The novel, Animal Farm, was written by George Orwell and was published in 1946. The story is about a farm in England around the time of the Russian revolution. The animals on Manor Farm are irritated with the way they are being treated, so
Style Elements In Animal Farm Essay Research
Paper Animal Farm Animal Farm by George Orwell is a story about a group of animals that rebel to get their freedom. It is a story about a society with excellent ideas for progress, that starts with good management, but eventually becomes corrupt.
Russian Revolution Essay Research Paper Many events
Russian Revolution Essay, Research Paper Many events led up to the Russian Revolution but it was sparked by just a few. It couldn’t have started without the oppression of the Russian populace. The heavy losses in World War I. The political views of famed Marxist Lenin to lead the oppressed Russian peasants and Nicholas II’s role in Bloody Sunday.
Russian Revolution VS French Revolution Essay Research
Paper The Russian Revolution (1917-1939) and the French Revolution (1789-1815) were very similar and dissimilar in long-term causes, immediate causes, stages of the revolution, and the world?s reaction to the revolution.
Political Change Essay Research Paper Political ChangeIn
Political Change Essay, Research Paper Political Change In the French and Russian Revolutions, could political change have occurred without bloodshed and the use of force? In the French and Russian Revolutions, there was a lot of force and bloodshed used. Can political change occur without the use of bloodshed and force?
Animal Farm Essay Research Paper The Russian
Animal Farm Essay, Research Paper The Russian Revolution is an example that absolute power often corrupts society. In the novel Animal Farm, author George Orwell shows through
Boris Yeltsin Essay Research Paper Boris YeltsinYeltsin
Boris Yeltsin Essay, Research Paper Boris Yeltsin Yeltsin’s journey to the top has been hard-fought and worthwhile. It started in 1961, when he joined the CPSU. In 1985-86, he was secretary of CPSU. Also, in 1985-87, he became first Deputy Chairman State Construction Committee. In
Yellow Journalism Essay Research Paper Did Boris
Yellow Journalism Essay, Research Paper Did Boris Yeltsin really resign? The people of Russia were led to believe that on New Years Day, January 1st, President Boris Yeltsin suspiciously and suddenly resigned. Some people claim he was to old and to senile to finish his presidential term, others claim he was too sick, deathly sick, others claim he was just fed up with the horrible condition of the Russian Government.
Aldirch Ames Essay Research Paper Aldrich Rick
Aldirch Ames Essay, Research Paper Aldrich ?Rick? Ames Aldrich Ames ?52? was a spy for the U.S. goverment who turned on the U.S. and started working for the Russian Government. He was arrested for checking to see if his ?dead drop? (his droping point for another agent) had been checked. The FBI checked his trash and put together top secret documents that were sent to him and put him in jail.
Peter Thegreat Essay Research Paper Peter I
Peter Thegreat Essay, Research Paper Peter I the Great 1672 – 1725 Russian Czar Peter was born in Moscow. He was joint czar with his mentally retarded half-brother, Ivan, under the regency of their sister, Sophia (1682-9). On Ivan’s death (1696) Peter became sole czar.
Three EmperorsS League Essay Research Paper 1
Three Emperors?S League Essay, Research Paper 1. Three Emperors?s League: In 1873 this league linked the monarchs of Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia in an alliance against racial movements.
Russian Bank Scandal Essay Research Paper On
Russian Bank Scandal Essay, Research Paper On October 6, 1999 the news hour with Jim Lehrer air a focus topic called Following the Money . This focus discussion dealt with the Russian Bank Scandal. This scandal deals with the transfer of about seven billions dollars out of the Bank of New York to companies with Russian associations.