Paper
Imagine having a twin that looks and acts exactly like you. Even more
interesting
this twin is a product of scientific cloning. If scientists have their way,
identical replicas
of human beings will be roaming the earth. This scientific vision may occur
a lot more
recent then many think. Cloning can be (better) understood by looking at
it?s definition,
process, and some examples.
This first step to better understanding cloning is to hear precisely what
it is.
Cloning can be defined as an organism or group of organisms derived from
another
organism by an asexual reproductive process. Usually members of a clone are
identical
in genes (Clarke, 1). Even though the definition is relatively simple, it
will be several
years before these projects will be technically feasible. Many species are
being
considered for cloning, but legal battles often halt the complex process
(Grossman, 1).
Knowledge of the definition of cloning helps one better understand its
difficult process.
The process of cloning is long and tedious and most uncommonly
unsuccessful.
After many years of failure to clone using adult animals, most scientists
started to think it
was too tough. However Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute in Scotland found
a new
successful method (World Book, 1). It should also be noted that adult males
have the
lowest success rate of cloning (Okimoto, 2). The actual process of cloning
is due to
recent advances of Genetic Engineering. Scientists can now isolate an
individual gene
from one organism and grow it in another organism belonging to a different
species
(Clarke, 1). While this is occurring a scientist can also take a cells
chromosomes and
nucleus, and inject them into a fertilized egg whose own nucleus has been
removed
(Clarke, 3). However another new process that was used to clone the worlds
most
famous sheep, is starting to be used more often. This new process involved
taking
mammary-gland cells from a sheep and starve them of growth, then electrically
inject an
egg which was later transplanted into a surrogate mother. Out of 300
attempts, only one
survived the process, Dolly a lamb born in 1996 (Worldbook, 1). The creation
of Dolly is
one of only a few examples that have ended in success . Having familiarity
with the
process of cloning helps one understand some cloning experiments.
With odds like one out of 300 (the Dolly experiment) successful clones,
good
examples of cloning are a rarity. However when a successful clone occurs it
is quite a
notable feat. One cloning project currently under way is a revival of the
Huia Bird. Once
native to New Zealand, but became extinct in the 1920?s. Mainly because the
Huias
large feathers became a ?hot fashion accessory? (Grossman, 1). However in
order to
start the cloning process remnants of the birds cells or bones must first be
found
(Grossman, 1). Another example of an attempt to relive our past is due to
Larry
Agenbroad, a Northern Arizona University geologist, and his team of
international
scientists, who plan to clone a Woolly Mammoth from DNA remnants. The frozen
animal will be taken from Siberia and flown 200 miles. Once the beast
reaches its
destination the animal will be kept frozen in a tunnel. The eleven foot
animal will be
studies thoroughly, but the primary task is to extract DNA (Okimoto, 1).
This mission
has not been totally cleared yet, so while legalities, and other obstacles
are overcome,
the beast sits frozen in Siberia. As more cloning experiments are conducted,
the
success rate is climbing, and as success heightens more notable examples will
occur.
The science of cloning can at first be considered very frightening,
however once
one has a better understanding of this science through its definition,
process, and some
examples, one should realize that some great possibilities could occur in the
future.
Clarke, Bryan C. ?Clone.? Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia. copyright 1999.
5 Oct.
1999 <Funkandwagnalls/encyclopedia/low/
articles/c/c005000866f.html>.
?Dolly and Other Cloning Breakthroughs Since 1996.? Worldbook.
copyright 1999.
12 Oct. 1999 <worldbook/fun/bth/cloning/html/dolly.htm>.
Grossman, Lev. ?Extinct Animals to be Cloned.? Time Digital. 2 Oct. 1999.
3 Oct. 1999
<pathfinder/time/digital/daily/0,2822,28534,00.html>.
Okimoto, Jolyn. ?Scientists Aim To Revive Extinct Beast.? Seattletimes.
2 Oct.
1999. 3 Oct. 1999 <seattletimes/news/health-science/html98/
wool_19991002.html>.
Outline
Thesis: Cloning can be (better) understood by looking at it?s
definition, process,
and some examples.
I. Definition
A. Cloning can be defined as an organism or group of organisms
derived
from another organism by an asexual reproductive process. Usually
members of
a clone are identical in genes.
II. Process
A. Adult males have the lowest success rate of cloning.
B. First Type of Process
1. Isolate an individual gene from one organism and grow it in
another organism belonging to a different species.
2. While this is occurring a scientist can also take a cells
chromosomes and nucleus, and inject them into a fertilized egg whose own
nucleus has been removed.
C. New Process
1. Taking mammary-gland cells from a sheep and starve them of
growth, then electrically inject an egg which was later transplanted into
a
surrogate mother.
III. Examples
A. Huia Bird
1. Once native to New Zealand but extinct for its feathers.
2. Remnants of the birds cells or bones must be found before
cloning can begin.
B. Woolly Mammoth
1. Larry Agenbroad a university of Northern Arizona University
geologist and his team of international scientists plan to clone a Woolly
Mammoth from DNA remnants.
2. The frozen animal will be flown 200 miles from Siberia to a
frozen
tunnel, to be studied for DNA.
Concluding Statement: The science of cloning can at first be considered very
frightening. However once one has a better understanding of this science
through its
definition, process, and some examples, one should realize that some great
possibilities
could occur in the future
Другие работы по теме:
Характеристики ионоселективных электродов
Марка Диапазон концентраций pX Мешающие ионы Отзывы ЭМ-Ca-01 0.65-4 Mg - 0.2, Ba - 0.02 Na ,K- 0.002, NH4 - 0.003 4.5-10 Теоретический наклон у градуировки бывает редко.
Задачи по Математике 3
Задача 1 Решить графическим методом задачу линейного программирования А) найти область допустимых значений многоугольник решений Б) найти оптимумы целевой функции F=2x1 + x2 max min 2X1 + X2 ≥ 4 2X1 - X2 ≤ 0 0 ≤ X1 < 2 0 ≤ X2 < 8 Решение:
Role Model Essay Research Paper Role ModelEveryone
Role Model Essay, Research Paper Role Model Everyone has a role model. Whether an athlete, an older sibling, a parent or relative, or just a special someone everyone wants to be “just like” that certain person. I am a role model to my younger siblings, my cousins, and I hope to be a role model to all of the Wild Life kids.
Deciding Who
’s Better Essay, Research Paper Sherise Massey Deciding Who s Better We ve all taken tests before. The ACT, the SAT, finals, and just the tests in our elementary through high school classes. Some of us felt pretty confident about our test taking skills and may see exams as a piece of cake. But we all have our bad days, with some of those bad days being a test day.
Prescription Drugs Essay Research Paper In a
Prescription Drugs Essay, Research Paper In a recent article, an MNBC correspondent brought up the issue of high prices on prescription drugs. Many of these drugs are special vitamins, as well as
Taas Writing Essay Research Paper TAAS WritingDear
Taas Writing Essay, Research Paper TAAS Writing Dear Editor, Recently while reading the paper, I came across this topic “Do schools place too much importance on sports programs?” Well, being a fellow athlete I understand how some people may think that “star” athletes get special treatment and in some cases they do, but they are given the extra help for a reason.
Respect Essay Research Paper It is something
Respect Essay, Research Paper It is something everyone wants, not many have, and few want to give. Most people would appreciate “just a little bit,” and most should give just that. Unfortunately, a lot of the time, this does not happen. Perhaps this is because the concept of respect is not understood. What exactly is respect? The dictionary defines it as an act of giving particular attention or high or special regard.
Business Knowledge Essay Research Paper Using Your
Business Knowledge Essay, Research Paper Using Your Business Knowledge 1. Babysitting-I make very good money and it?s a very good learning experience on how to deal and take care of children which is something that everyone needs to eventually learn in life.
Biography Of Of Mice And Men
– Lennie Small Essay, Research Paper My name is Lennie Small. My name is one of the few things I know. The name I should be given is “stupid” or “ignorant” because that is what I am. I admit it, I am not very bright. That is why I have my friend George. He guides me and allows me to utilize my strength. If I were by myself I would cause much trouble for I do not understand many things.
My Mother Essay Research Paper My mother
My Mother Essay, Research Paper My mother is like a rose. She is beautiful, gentle, something special, She is strong, deeply rooted in the ground, There’s no wind that could fold her.
Double Indemnity Essay Research Paper If Double
Double Indemnity Essay, Research Paper If Double Indemnity is short on any aspect which defines a good film-noir, tension is certainly not one of them. Director Billy Wilder manages to keep the tension as thick as syrup through the duration of the movie, despite the fact that the audience is, from the start, already aware of the murder that has taken place, as well as the main protagonist Walter Neff’s role in it and his impending doom.
The Whites Defendant Essay Research Paper White
The Whites Defendant Essay, Research Paper White V. Benkowski Plaintive- The Whites Defendant- The Benkowskis History- The whites bought a house in 1962 that did not have its own water supply but was connected to a well that was on the property of the Benkowski. Both parties signed a written contract. The contract stated that the whites would pay for a new pump and an extra tank, as well as $3 a month and half any more repairs.
Cukoo Essay Research Paper McMurphyMcMurphy 35 years
Cukoo Essay, Research Paper McMurphy McMurphy, 35 years old, plays the role of a mental patient. He was brought into the ward because he pretended to be crazy and everybody believed him. McMurphy was arrested for assault (fighting in bars), drunkenness, disturbing the peace, repeated gambling, and statutory rape.
High School Cuts Essay Research Paper Our
High School Cuts Essay, Research Paper Our principal recently asked for the student?s opinions on the ?school cuts? proposal. This proposition proposes that all extra curricular activities be cut until the money
Critical Lens Essay Research Paper In life
Critical Lens Essay, Research Paper In life we come to many conflicts. Some are easy some are hard. The quote, “The harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph” by
Discrimination Essay Research Paper When people think
Discrimination Essay, Research Paper When people think about discrimination, they usually associate it with prejudice and connect it with race and gender. But discrimination can take another form. For example, a person can gain an unfair advantage at a job interview by being attractive or by being able to talk about something that has nothing to do with the job, like sports.
Environmental Apocalypse Essay Research Paper Environmental Apocalypse
Environmental Apocalypse Essay, Research Paper Environmental Apocalypse The environment is in a terrible condition and although an environmental apocalypse is not imminent we are definitely headed down that road. Some of the reasons for our Earth s trouble are overpopulation, consumerism, and overconsumption.
Green Moss Essay Research Paper In the
Green Moss Essay, Research Paper In the essay entitled “The Decline of Fatherhood” the author David Popenoe discuses the problem of children growing up without their fathers. The subject of fatherless homes hits right at home for me. I was raised in a single parent home, but unlike the cases that Popenoe discuses, my father stayed in my life.
The Swing Essay Research Paper every summer
The Swing Essay, Research Paper every summer i go to my grandpa’s house it was when i was six years old that we first took the walk across the old bridge that bridge was a special bridge
My Truck Essay Research Paper My Truck
My Truck Essay, Research Paper My Truck My truck got me into a lot of trouble. I had a lot of trouble with my brother. He took my cars and trucks to play with when ever he could. Apparently he thought the green truck was as fascinating as I did. He loved to play with my green truck as much as I did. This was the truck that he took a lot.
Inclusion In Classrooms Essay Research Paper Since
Inclusion In Classrooms Essay, Research Paper Since the 1980’s more and more school have began to practice the technique of inclusion in their classrooms. Inclusion is a term which expresses commitment to educate each child to the maximum extent appropriate, in the classroom he or she would otherwise attend.( Education Resources. “Special Education Inclusion.”www.weac/resource/june96/speced.htm.
Sbs CORE Program Essay Research Paper My
Sbs C.O.R.E. Program Essay, Research Paper My name is BRIAN MCGHEE. I am 24yrs old. The reason I want to be in SBS-C.O.R.E. program is that I think the program has what I need in order for me to receive my bachelor’s degree. One of the things I have trouble with is understanding things the first time. It has always taken me a little longer.
Racism In Sports Essay Research Paper Brown
Racism In Sports Essay, Research Paper Brown is committed to recruiting students with diverse backgrounds, and it continues to be the idealistic forefront of providing students with with the ideal aspects of everyday life, on both academic and extra-curricular activities such as sports.
Std Presentation Essay Research Paper STD PresentationI
Std Presentation Essay, Research Paper STD Presentation I was impressed about how well the subject of STD’s was presented to us, because it actually had a positive effect on me. It made me realize that I need to be extra careful, especially here at college because of the high STD rates. I didn’t know how common Aids has become over the past few years, the nationwide figure is 1 in 500 people are infected which seems like a lot.
LoveWhat Is It Essay Research Paper Love
Love:What Is It? Essay, Research Paper Love: What is it? To many people love means many things. To others, to love is to place their happiness in one another. Love can be how they feel about that special someone. I’m not talking about the fatherly love or that motherly love. I’m talking about the love that you feel towards someone.
Dreams And Ambition Essay Research Paper I
Dreams And Ambition Essay, Research Paper I am sure everybody that still live in this world had their own ambition .For example, what is the dream of a fat ladies or men? Of
MY HERO Essay Research Paper TO ME
MY HERO Essay, Research Paper TO ME A HERO IS A PERSON WHO HELPS A LIFE. NOT NECESSARILY SAVE IT… BUT AFFECT IT IN A SPECIAL WAY. TO ME THIS PERSON IS MY FATHER.