Об этом легендарном ансамбле написано столько, что на этот счет едва ли можно сделать серьезное дополнение к известному. Группа "Beatles" образовалась в Ливерпуле, Великобритания, в 1959 году. Исходный состав: Пол Маккартни (р. 1942, бас-гитара, гитара, вокал), Джон Леннон (1940-1980, гитара, вокал), Джордж Харрисон (р. 1943, гитара, вокал), Стюарт Сатклифф (бас-гитара), Пит Бест (ударные). Прямые наследники американского рок-н-ролла 50-х "Битлз" поначалу почти не были известны за пределами родного Ливерпуля. Образно выражаясь, их "выручила" Германия, куда они уехали в 1960 году. В одном из гамбургских клубов "Beatles" стали работать по 8-10 часов в сутки за весьма скромную плату, пока на них не обратил внимание очень известный тогда английский рок-н-ролльщик Тони Шеридан. В итоге "Битлз" стали его аккомпаниаторами и записали студийный альбом "Тони Шеридан и Битлз", с которого, по понятным причинам относительно авторских прав Шеридана, не принято начинать битловскую дискографию.
Короче говоря, Шеридан вытащил "Beatles" на международную шоу-орбиту, и с 1961 года их дела пошли самостоятельным образом. Осенью этого же года "Битлз" заинтересовался владелец магазина грампластинок Брайен Эпштейн, который с тех пор и на долгие годы стал менеджером и просто другом и помощником великой четверки. В декабре "Beatles" претерпели коренные изменения в составе: ушел Сатклифф, и они стали тем, чем им и положено было стать - квартетом. Маккартни окончательно переключился на бас-гитару, а Эпштейн занялся поисками записывающей компании. Поначалу он наведался в "Decca", но там ему отказали, а согласие дала тогда малоизвестная компания "Parlophone". Впрочем, глава "Парлофона" Джордж Мартин поставил условие: сменить барабанщика Пита Беста. Фаны "Beatles", услыхав об этом, были очень недовольны, но решение было принято, и в документах рок-истории оказалось вписано имя Ринго Старра (Ричард Старки, р. 1940).
Первый авторский сингл "Beatles" под названием "Love me do" был записан на "Парлофоне" в декабре 1962-го, а дебютный альбом - в начале 1963 года. Диск включал в себя сразу три международных хита, и к 1964 году битломания охватила весь земной шар, а группа всех времен и народов начала восхождение к вершине популярности, доселе непокоренной. В 1964 году "Beatles" снялись в кинофильме "Вечер трудного дня", музыку к которому написали сами. Активно работал авторский дуэт Леннон - Маккартни, и за год коллектив, как правило, имел музыкального материала минимум на два гиганта. В это же время сформировался характерный, мгновенно узнаваемый "фирменный" битловский саунд.
1965 и 1966 годы характеризовали собой тягу "Beatles" к концептуальным текстам, а мелодика песен ансамбля достигла тогда же подлинного совершенства, и все начали понимать, что это от Бога. На концертах группы в те годы творилось нечто невообразимое: это была настоящая истерия восторга, исступление экстаза с обмороками поклонниц и давкой у стадионов и концертных залов, принимавших новых идолов.
Можно прямо сказать, что в данной ситуации "Битлз" приняли единственно верное решение: они практически отказались от крупных концертных мероприятий и посвятили свое дальнейшее творчество замкнутой студийной работе. Изменились и взгляды музыкантов на мир: они как бы сняли с себя розовые очки и увидели те язвы современного земного общества, которые до сих пор были для них заретушированы их молодостью и головокружительным успехом. Некоторые из "Beatles" обратились к нетрадиционным восточным религиям (Леннон и особенно Харрисон пожертвовали огромную часть своих доходов на строительство храма Кришны в Англии). Студийная работа принесла свои плоды, которые в отношении великих "Beatles" не кажутся случайными нисколько, В 1967 году был записан монументально-новаторский альбом "Клуб одиноких сердец сержанта Пеппера", который дал прямой толчок к появлению в рок-музыке таких жанров как apт-poк, хард-рок и психоделия. В этот наиболее плодотворный в качественном отношении период отравился сверхдозой лекарства страдавший депрессией Брайен Эпштейн (версия самоубийства во время приступа имела место, но стопроцентного доказательства нет). Теперь акции ансамбля переходят в руки продюсера "Parlophone", приютившей в трудные первые годы, Джорджу Мартину.
Оправившись от случившегося, "Beatles" вернулись к своей любимой работе и вскоре снялись в еще одном фильме - "Волшебное, таинственное путешествие" (1967). Затем последовали два месяца перерыва, после которых был записан еще один шедевр ансамбля - двойной "белый" альбом "Beatles". Последним значительным произведением оказался альбом 1969 года "Abbey Road", названный так в честь лондонской улицы, на которой разместились многие ведущие английские студии. В эту же пору личные разногласия между участниками великого квартета достигли своего апогея (особенно между Ленноном и Маккартни) и в начале 1970 года "Beatles" официально объявили о распаде. Каждый из бывших участников легендарной четверки сделал впоследствии сольную карьеру.
8 декабря 1980 года был убит Джон Леннон, а в ноябре 2001-го скончался Джордж Харрисон.
Состав
Paul McCartney - гитара, бас, вокал
John Lennon - гитара, вокал
George Harrison - гитара, вокал
Ringo Starr - ударные
Дискография
Please, Please Me -1963
With the Beatles -1963
A Hard Day's Night - 1964
Beatles For Sale - 1964
Help! - 1965
Rubber Soul - 1965
Revolver - 1966
Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band - 1967
Magic Mystery Tour - 1967
The Beatles (White Album) -1968
Yellow Submarine - 1969
Abbey Road - 1969
Let It Be - 1970
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