Mitologia del Mexico Antiguo
Maya
Cuando se inicio el periodo clasico, los mayas contaban con una religion bien cimentada, desarrollada a traves de los siglos a partir de conceptos y practicas magicas que deben de haber caracterizado gran parte del preclasico. Su importancia abarcaba todos los aspectos de la vida individual y colectiva. Diferentes niveles pueden reconocerse en sus conceptos, expresados por medio de numerosas deidades.
Deidades
Siendo el pueblo maya basicamente agricultor, a un nivel elemental, popular, se hallaban los dioses que representaban los elementos esenciales de su vida, principalmente las fuerzas de la naturaleza y sus productos mas vitales. Entre las deidades al alcance de la gran masa de la poblacion citare las mas importantes, cuyos nombres se ignoran, salvo algunos?: la tierra, el sol (Kinich Ahau o Kinich-Kakmoo), la luna y el agua (Ixchel), la lluvia (Chaac), el viento )Kukulcan, en el periodo posclasico), la vegetacion y en particular el maiz (Yum Kax), el cielo (Itzamna), el cacao (Ek Chuah), la muerte (Ah Puch o Yum Cimil).
La mayor parte, si no todos los oficios, tenian dioses particulares?: agricultores, cazadores, pescadores, guerreros, mercaderes, curanderos, etc., con variados nombres que se citan en los libros de Chilam Balam.
A un nivel mas alto, y solo comprensible por el sacerdocio, se encontraban deidades correspondientes a conceptos abstractos, tales como los numerales, los dias, los meses y demas periodos calendaricos. Por encima de todos los dioses, mas bien como concepto metafisico, estaba Hunab-Ku, que no tenia representacion y al que no se le rendia culto.
Muchas de las concepciones de la religion maya no son exclusivas de ella, sino que forman parte de ideas y creencias generalizadas en mesoamerica. Es asi como ciertas deidades son buenas, otras malas, y algunas tienen doble aspecto, uno favorable al hombre y el otro da?ino, como de hecho ocurre en la naturaleza?: la lluvia, benefica en su tiempo y en cantidades normales, pero peligrosa si cae fuera de epoca o en volumen excesivo?; el sol, indispensable para la vida pero responsable de sequias si otros factores no atemperan su accion. Lo mismo puede decirse del viento y de la luna (segun las creencias populares).
Otro concepto difundido en mesoamerica es el de cuadruplicidad, que asocia distintos elemetos a los puntos cerdinales, entre ellos algunos colores. Para los mayas, el rojo estaba asociado al este, el negro al oeste, el blanco al norte, y el amarillo al sur. Cuatro deidades, o mas bien cuatro representaciones de una misma deidad, diferenciadas entre si solo por el color, reinaban en los puntos cardinales?: eran los Bacabes, que, sobre la tierra, sostenian la boveda del cielo?; los Chaac, en le cielo, eran los proveedores de lluvia?; los Pauahtunes, debajo de la tierra, tenian a su cargo enviar los vientos.
Los mayas se imaginaban la tierra cuadrada, sostenida sobre el agua por un gigantesco animal, especie de pez o lagarto. El cielo se componia de 13 capas superpuestas, en que reinaban los 13 dioses, Oxlahunyiku, con una gran ceiba en el centro por cuyas ramas se podia ascender. El mundo subterraneo, a su vez, comprendia 9 pisos, en los que moraban los 9 dioses, los Bolontiku?; alli estaba el Mintal, adonde iban los muertos.
Другие работы по теме:
Un Papel De Dia De Los Muertos
(English) Essay, Research Paper Un papel de dia de los muertos Dia de los muertos en la isla de Janitzio, Michoacan, Mexico. Es uns fiesta muy Fantastica. El dia de los muertos es el 1 y 2 de noviembre.
Mexican Settlement Essay Research Paper During 1200
Mexican Settlement Essay, Research Paper During 1200 B.C through A.D 900 Maya, Olmec, and Zapotec cultures thrived in Mexico, building monuments that still stand today. In the thirteen hundreds the Aztecs founded Tenochtitlan, the site of modern Mexico City. In 1519 Hernan Cortes defeated large Aztec armies and founded Veracruz. the first Spanish settlement in Mexico.
Placido Domingo Essay Research Paper Born on
Placido Domingo Essay, Research Paper Born on January 21, 1941, Placido Domingo would grow up to have one of the greatest Tenor voices of his generattion and even be considered the King of Tenor. Born in Madrid to parents who sang Zazurela, it was from them that he got his exposure to music and theater. In his early childhood, Domingo s parents left for Mexico to start their own Zazurela troupe leaving Placido and his younger sibling behind.
Norin 10 In Wheat Essay Research Paper
The wheat gene, Norin 10, for example, helped developing countries like India and Pakistan increase their wheat harvests by 60 percent. At the Wheat Research Center in Mexico
The Rose Essay Research Paper In Mexico
The Rose Essay, Research Paper In Mexico they celebrate the birth of Jesus and the coming of the three kings. Their celebrations begin 12 days before Christmas. When
Why We Should Not Fight The Mexicans
Essay, Research Paper War with Mexico will destroy us yet. Fighting with them will set a burden on us as well as on them. We are fighting with them for the say reason; England was fighting with us. England fought us because we would not follow the laws that they passed, and we want to fight the Mexicans because they don’t want to give us the land that we want.
Mexico Essay Research Paper MexicoPeopleThe people of
Mexico Essay, Research Paper Mexico! People The people of Mexico are very diverse and unique. About fifty-five percent of the Mexican population is Mestizo. Roughly twenty nine percent are Native Americans, fifteen percent are Caucasian, and the remaining one percent are in the other category. According to a 1990 census, ninety one percent of the people in Mexico were reported to speak Spanish, the country s official language.
Sustainablity Essay Research Paper What is an
Sustainablity Essay, Research Paper What is an unsustainable city? An unsustainable city: Requires continual input of non-renewable resources uses renewable sources faster than the rate of renewal
Hades Essay Research Paper Hades Did you
Hades Essay, Research Paper Hades Did you know that Hades is the richest god? He could buy anything. He has a lot of gold and he could buy Mexico or better artillery for our
Hades Essay Research Paper Did you know
Hades Essay, Research Paper Did you know that Hades is the richest god? He could buy anything. He has a lot of gold and he could buy Mexico or better artillery for our country. Hades is the king of the Underworld
Rockies Essay Research Paper The Rocky Mountains
Rockies Essay, Research Paper The Rocky Mountains are a great chain of rugged mountain ranges in western North America, extending from central New Mexico to northwestern British Columbia, about 2000 miles. The Rockies are boardered on the east by the Great Plains and on the west by the Great Basin and Rocky Mountain Trench.
Reintroduction Of Wolves Essay Research Paper The
Reintroduction Of Wolves Essay, Research Paper The Reintroduction of Wolves In my opinion, wolves should be able to live and survive in the wild. Ranchers do need to consider that wolves have a major
MEDIA HOW EXXAGERATING IT IS Essay
, Research Paper The media plays a big role in our perception of the world . television news producers choose events that are out of the ordinary. They also combine bizarre
The Drug War Essay Research Paper Everyday
The Drug War Essay, Research Paper Everyday someone is thrown in state prison for anywhere from 3 years to life for the “illegal” use of the drug known as marijuana. It has come down to it that thousands of pounds of marijuana are smuggled over the border of Mexico and into the United States. Regardless of the fight or struggle of people to insure the so said safety of our younger generations from the use of these drugs more and more comes into the Unites States.
The MexicanAmerican War Essay Research Paper The
The Mexican-American War Essay, Research Paper The war with Mexico had fundamentally broken out because of America?s rapid expansion and confidence due to their great size and wealth. Also, because Mexico had
Mexico Essay Research Paper NogalesWe arrive in
Mexico Essay, Research Paper Nogales We arrive in the border town around 7:00 PM. Crowded narrow streets and car fumes mix to create an almost erie merge of two cultures. Allready I can see changes taking place; this city is breathing with life, almost too fast to catch with the human eye. At the border control, problems arise.
Diego Rivera Essay Research Paper Diego Rivera
Diego Rivera Essay, Research Paper Diego Rivera was one of modern Mexico’s original painters. He was born in Guanjauto in 1886 and died in 1957. He went to school at San Carlos Academy of Fine Arts in Mexico City.
The Best Soccer Player Of All Times
Essay, Research Paper Diego Armando Maradona is the best soccer player of all times. He was born in Villa Fiorito in Argentina on October 30, 1960. Since the World Cup in Mexico (1986), I believe it would be a fair statement to call Maradona the smartest soccer player up to date. Evidence of his creativity will always be remembered with the goal he did against England.
Mexican Grey Wolf Essay Research Paper The
Mexican Grey Wolf Essay, Research Paper The Mexican Grey Wolf by Until recently, the Mexican Grey Wolf roamed the Chihuahan and Sonaran deserts from central Mexico to western Texas, central Arizona and New Mexico. By 1900 the decrease in prey the wolves hunted and fed on, such as deer and elk, reduced greatly.
The Problems Of Mexico City Essay Research
Paper The Problems of Mexico City The principal problems now facing Mexico City are its overcrowding and overpopulation, its dangerous environment, its dwindling water supply, and its
NAFTA Essay Research Paper If NAFTA made
NAFTA Essay, Research Paper If NAFTA made this agreement, people would be able to move about Canada, the United States, and Mexico with ease. The unskilled workers in Mexico would migrate to “El Norte,” looking for higher paying jobs. The supply of workers in Mexico will drastically decrease. Only the terminally ignorant, or those with families in Mexico, would stay in a poor country and earn low wages.
Pro Nafta Essay Research Paper I believe
Pro Nafta Essay, Research Paper I believe that NAFTA should stay in Mexico. It is vital for the growth in the value of the Mexican peso. Not many people are sure what exactly NAFTA does. It reduced tariffs, opened previously protected sectors in agriculture, energy, textiles, and automotive trade. It opened up the U.S.-Mexico border to trade in services with specific rules in finance, transportation and telecommunication.
Food Of Mexico Essay Research Paper The
Food Of Mexico Essay, Research Paper The Wonderful Food of Mexico! Food is probably the most important element of Mexican culture. Much of the daily routine and tradition in Mexico revolves around the ritual of preparing and eating food. In history, women made their way to the local markets to fill their basket with vegetables, fruits, meat, and fish.
Comp Of 1850 Essay Research Paper The
Comp Of 1850 Essay, Research Paper The Compromise of 1850 The Compromise of 1850 was a series of five legislative enactment’s, passed by the US Congress during August and September 1850. These measures were designed
Latin American Influences On America Essay Research
Paper Latin America Latin America affects Florida, the Southwest and California in many ways. Three of the most obvious are food, holidays, and the people. These influences are mainly for the good though some can have negative influence as well.
International Students Essay Research Paper International Students
International Students Essay, Research Paper International Students on Campus There are many International students that attend East Texas University. There are Hispanics, Russians, and Chinese that attend this institution. I talked to Mario and he said that East Texas really helps the International students in many ways.
On The Road Essay Research Paper On
On The Road Essay, Research Paper On The Road The novel On The Road is based on one mans true stories about his craziest adventures through the United States and Mexico. This is one of the greatest novels of all time and nothing I have read so far seems so realistic. Jack Kerovac, who is the author of the book, places himself as the narrator.
Texas Independence Essay Research Paper What was
Texas Independence Essay, Research Paper What was the significance of Texas getting its Independence? After getting its independence Texas asked congress if it could join the union to become part of the U.S States. Congress accepted and so Texas became an official state. Mexico did not like the idea of Texas becoming independent and Texas wanted more land so they ended up having the war in Mexico.
