Women In Iran Essay, Research Paper
Organized and Institutionalized Sexual Exploitation and Violence
Policy and Law
The “Press Law and Women Bill” was ratified into law on the 13th of August 1998 in Iran; it is the Fifth Amendment of Article 6 of the press law. The bill states that, “commercial use of women’s image and texts declaring women’s issues, humiliation, insult, propagation of formality, use of ornaments, and defending women’s beyond the bounds of legal and religious law is forbidden.” Violators of the law will be punished with lashes and imprisonment, as well as losing their publication license. Consequences of “Press Law and Women Bill” include:
? According to this amendment, supporting or defending the rights of women in any publication is strictly banned because it is believed that such arguments create more contention and adversity between men and women. However, men are excluded from the above law. This encourages a culture of male chauvinism.
? The ratification of this bill does not allow any criticism advocacy, in the press, of the laws governing women’s rights.
? This bill will ban all female images, texts, or arguments for modification of the existing law. Therefore, women’s issues are completely invisible in the media.
? This bill will create conflicts between the clerical community and the press because the law has never defined “commercial use of women’s image and text.” Therefore, the subject is completely left at personal interpretation and judgment. Because of the fanatic nature of Islamic rulers, this amendment means complete elimination of women from public media.
Married Iranian women require their husband’s permission to apply for a passport, according to Article 18 of the passport law. In case of an emergency or absence of the husband, the public prosecutor’s office can issue the permit within 3 days from the date of the application.
Islamic government does not recognize the divorces and the marriages administered in foreign countries unless they are endorsed by Iranian embassies, consulates, or the rituals are repeated in Iran. The consequences are:
? If an Iranian married couple immigrate to a foreign country and divorce according to the laws of that country, the divorce is not legitimate for the woman. The process must be repeated in the Islamic embassy or the consulate. If each of the spouses remarries separately after the divorce in the overseas country and travels to Iran, the wife could be arrested and tried for committing adultery. The punishment for adultery is burying the woman in the ground and stoning her to death. However, this does not apply to the man. By law, the man is not in marriage violation.
? If a couple have children, and the court granted custody of the children to the mother, if they traveled to Iran, the husband could take the children away from his ex-wife because husband is the sole custodian for the children. No custody privilege is granted to women under any circumstance.
If a couple divorce in a foreign country and then travel to Iran to finalize their divorce proceeding, the divorce process for the woman might take years because the consent of the husband is always necessary to finalize the divorce. The husband may go ahead and marry another woman while his case is pending with the first wife. Under laws imposed after the 1979 revolution, women:
? Must cover all parts of their bodies (including their hair) except for the face and hands, with loose-fitting garments.
? Must not wear any make-up.
? Unrelated couples are not allowed to socialize at all.
The penalties for violating these rules, imposed in the name of preventing social vice, vary from simple reprimands to lashes and payment of fines, and even execution by stoning in the case of illicit sexual relationships. The Iranian Human Rights Working Group (IHRWG) maintains that these laws are in violation of Article 18 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), to which Iran is a signatory.
Official Response and Action
On May 18, 1998, some 20 women and girls were arrested by the Iranian police in Tehran for socializing with unrelated men or failing to observe the strict dress code that is mandated for women. These types of arrest have occurred regularly since 1980. In April, 1998, an Iranian girl, detained by authorities on suspicion that she was having a relationship with a man, committed suicide while in detention in the southwest Iranian city of Abadan.
Case
Sheyda Khoramzadeh Esfahani was sentenced to death following her conviction on charges of ‘organizing `corrupt gatherings’ with prostitutes, alcohol, drugs, music and dance ` and to establish immoral contacts with people in various political bodies.” She was executed in August 1997. Her husband Abolghasem Majd-Abkahi was reportedly executed in late December 1996 or early January 1997.
Three women and three men were stoned to death in public in Khazar Abad after a court found them guilty of adultery and prostitution under Iran’s Islamic laws. Prostitution and adultery are illegal and punishable by death. The stoning was carried out by local citizens in public in Khazar Abad, near the Caspian Sea.
A 20-year-old Iranian woman was stoned for adultery in Bukan, in Western Iran. Stoning is a death sentence, but she was mistaken for dead and later revived in the morgue. A court official said that an appeal for amnesty has been submitted to the court.
321
Другие работы по теме:
Koran Essay Research Paper The Koran or
Koran Essay, Research Paper The Koran or Qur’an is the sacred scripture of Islam. A scripture so sacred it urges a total commitment to him alone who is god. (Grolier Interactive 98). I found that
Me And My Daughter Essay Research Paper
1a) Some right that Betty is not intitled to are, that she is not allowed to express herself and express her opinions which means she can’t express herself by what she wears or what she does with out getting beaten by Moody
Women And Shopping Essay Research Paper What
Women And Shopping Essay, Research Paper What motivates women to shop? I attempted to answer the age old question by surveying five ladies who are self-proclaimed experts at the “art” of shopping. These five ladies, Joanne, Kim, Marie, Shirley, and Kimmie sat down with me individually and this is what I basically gathered from the discussion sessions.
Women Essay Research Paper Apples could go
Women Essay, Research Paper Apples could go one better than oranges. The concentration of apples exceeds that of oranges. The firmness of apples goes all the way through, and the firmness of oranges modifies when the outer shell is detached. They tell you to cut up apples when you have braces, but they don?t tell you to cut up oranges.
Islam Essay Research Paper This incident reflects
Islam Essay, Research Paper This incident reflects typical crimes and injustices against women in the Third World countries. Crimes against women include abuse, slavery, false imprisonment, murder and rape. In these countries, women are considered to be inferior to men and are not granted equal rights or protection under the laws.
Hunters
& Gatherers Essay, Research Paper Anthropology 1010: Assignment 1 The Asmat, Headhunters, people are located in New Guinea’s West Iran. These people actually cut off people heads and eat their brains and wear their jaws as a necklace. People’s brains are not their main source of food. The major food of these people is the starch of the sago palm that they roast.
The Declaration Of Sentiments V Now
’s Statement Of Purpose Essay, Research Paper The Declaration of Sentiments and NOW Both the Declaration of Sentiments and the National Organization for Women s Statement of Purpose are documents that represent women s fight for equality with men. The DOS, the first wave s list of demands for quality, came from radical women who did not have a voice within society while the Statement of Purpose shows the second wave s plan for the fight against discrimination.
Stealing Our Rights Essay Research Paper Stealing
Stealing Our Rights Essay, Research Paper Stealing Our Rights From the dawn of the first organized communities, to the powerful United States of America today, there have always been power hungry people who
Kurds Essay Research Paper Why dont the
Kurds Essay, Research Paper Why don?t the Kurds have a state? The Kurds are a scattered, tribal people who live in the plateaus and mountains where Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Turkey overlap. They make up a significant minority of the population of these Middle Eastern states. They are mainly Sunni Muslim, but have a language and culture of their own, quite different from the Arabs, Persians, and Turks.
Abortion Essay Research Paper There are many
Abortion Essay, Research Paper There are many women who have choices to make in life that can be difficult or easy. One very difficult decision is whether or not to terminate a pregnancy. Most people should think before they act. If a woman has to terminate a pregnancy, it is because she wasn’t planning to get pregnant or because she did not use birth control.
Islamic Women Essay Research Paper Many times
Islamic Women Essay, Research Paper Many times when feminists looked at Islamic women they criticized the man for not treating women properly. However, as Jane I. Smith states, women of Islam are not really offended by that fact, on the contrary, they believe that it is better for them.
Reiters Syndome Essay Research Paper Equal Rights
Reiters Syndome Essay, Research Paper Equal Rights for Women During the nineteenth century, the women suffrage movement was coming out full force to demand the equal rights of women in the United States and Europe. The women who supported the women’s suffrage adapted a Declaration of Principles that simply stated that, “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal” (Perry, 1995, p.194).
Kiss The Dust Essay Research Paper Kiss
Kiss The Dust Essay, Research Paper Kiss the Dust Kiss the dust by Elizabeth Laird is a story about a young Kurdistan girl names Tara. Her life is challenged by having to escape from Baghdad, because her father is a member of the Pesh Murgas. She has to move from Baghdad to the mountains of Iran. Tara has to adapt to her new surroundings and struggles to survive through each day.
Feminist Movement Essay Research Paper It was
Feminist Movement Essay, Research Paper It was in the mid-1800s when the first signs of the feminist movement came about. In 1861, a man named John Stuart Mill wrote The Subjection of Women, which
Women In War Essay Research Paper Women
Women In War Essay, Research Paper Women in War and How They Made a Difference Women who served in past wars were considered heroines, and were presented with many different, honorable awards. Women served many purposes during the war. Such as: nurses who amputated and helped soldiers, translators who spoke for the French, telephone operators who connected important phone calls to different places, and many more non-combat roles.
Organized Crime Essay Research Paper What underlying
Organized Crime Essay, Research Paper What underlying factors lead to the prevalence of organized crime? Organized crime by definition means crime that is committed by a number of people that are organized in a series of networks. These crimes that are committed are often well planned out and involve a number of people all working together under one, or sometimes a few, men in power and leaders of the group.
Stereotyping The Followers Of Islam Essay Research
Paper Stereotyping the Followers of Islam The movie, Not Without My Daughter, begins when the family of Mahmoody, Mahtob, and Betty were visiting with the grandparents of Mahtob. Mahmoody, who is Muslim, decides to take his young family to Iran. He swears on the sacred Coran that nothing bad will happen to them.
Abortion Essay Research Paper My personal opinion
Abortion Essay, Research Paper My personal opinion about abortion is that it should stay legal. I believe that it is the woman’s choice because it’s her body, and no one else should be allowed to tell her what she can, and can’t do with it.
Delinquent Daughters Summary Essay Research Paper Delinquent
Delinquent Daughters Summary Essay, Research Paper ?Delinquent Daughters Summary? Delinquent Daughters by Mary E. Odem touches on many topics involving women residing in the U.S. from 1885 to 1920. Not only does the book raise issues about women as a whole, but also it breaks the women into a more realistic view.
Mr Essay Research Paper Aspects of the
Mr. Essay, Research Paper Aspects of the Perfect Female The ideal woman of today’s society would contain the following qualities: intelligence, honesty, a sense of humor, spontaneity, assertiveness,
Womens Rights Essay Research Paper The First
Womens Rights Essay, Research Paper The First Women?s Rights Movement Was their fight successful? A group of women set out to make a point. A point that women don?t have to be dependent on men; that they can live their own lives with their own individual rights and beliefs. All these women wanted was a chance to live a life free of the constant pressures and contradictions.
Antigone Essay Research Paper Analysis on the
Antigone Essay, Research Paper Analysis on the conflict men v. women found in Antigone Many conflicts can be found within various plays. In Sophocles’ Antigone one of the many conflicts found is men versus women. The king of Thebes, Creon, has a problem with women. But not only the king, Ismene, Antigone’s sister as well refers to herself and her sister as being inferior to men.
Iran Essay Research Paper 1Politics Power and
Iran Essay, Research Paper Politics, Power, and U.S. Policy in Iran, 1950-1953 1 by Francis J. Gavin On 19 August 1953, elements of the Iranian army, acting on orders from the Shah and
Women Pioneers Essay Research Paper A Journey
Women Pioneers Essay, Research Paper A Journey Through Hardship The pioneer women didn?t have many rights at all. They were pretty much always controlled by the men, and weren?t ?allowed? to do anything on their own. They had to obey all men and if they were married, that made it even harder for them. The women were mainly responsible for caring for the kids, taking care of the crops and keeping the house neat; health, food, and family.
Roaring Twenties Essay Research Paper The Roaring
Roaring Twenties Essay, Research Paper The Roaring Twenties The twenties are known as a decade of excess. It was apparent in the rebellious nature of the youth as well as the rise in consumerism bolstered by the increased industrial activity. The twenties were a time of developing balance – women attained the vote but immigration was more restrictive; prohibition sought to restrict the negative outcomes of a drinking society while it encouraged the development of organized crime; and black pride became a rallying cry for the back to Africa movement while the Klu Klux Klan gained in popularity and power.
IranContra A Scandal Essay Research Paper The
Iran-Contra: A Scandal Essay, Research Paper The Iran-Contra scandal was one of the worst examples of how politics work in the “civilized world.” As the scheme unfolded, people were taken hostage in Lebannon, people were killed, lies were told, laws were broken, weapons were traded, and America was disgraced.
IranContra Essay Research Paper THE IRAN
Iran-Contra Essay, Research Paper THE IRAN CONTRA AFFAIR The Iran-Contra Affair concerns a secret arrangement to provide $30 million to the Nicaraguan right-wing contra guerrillas from profits gained by selling arms to Iran. Aid to the contras had been strictly prohibited by Congress, as had the sale of arms to a government deemed hostile to the US.
Men And Women Are Different Essay Research
Paper Men and Women Different? Are women and men really that different? I think so. I am at a stage in my life where I think all men are after one thing. Sex. When I sit here and think about it, I really have to think, do women and men have anything in common. Women communicate in a completely different manner than women.
Symbols Of Women Essay Research Paper Symbols
Symbols Of Women Essay, Research Paper Symbols of Women There are many symbols placed on women in today’s society. These symbols act as stereotypes that usually degrade women on a daily basis. However, many of these symbols are just a term, and have no meaning behind them. An example of this is the reference of women being referred to as “dogs.”