План
Введение
1 История
2 Аресты
4 Источник
5 Упоминания в массовой культуре
Mara Salvatrucha
Введение
Mara Salvatrucha (Ма́ра Сальватру́ча, что на сленге значит «сальвадорские бродячие муравьи», также MS13, а «Голливудские ло́кос» в Лос-Анджелесе) — хорошо организованная многонациональная международная преступная группировка; одна из самых жестоких центро-американских банд, которая сейчас активно орудует на территории 6 стран (50 тысяч бандитов по Америке — Мексике, Гватемале, Гондурасе и Сальвадоре). Самая опасная преступная группировка США (господствует более, чем в 40 штатах, в том числе Калифорнии, Вирджинии, Мэриленде и Нью-Йорке и по разным оценкам численность преступного синдиката только в США составляет от 10 до 30 тысяч человек + 2 из России(г.Ставрополь)). При убийствах члены банды иногда отрезают головы или гениталии и скармливают собакам.
Отличительная черта членов — татуировки по всему телу.
MS всегда контролирует определённую городскую территорию. Она занимается почти всеми видами преступного бизнеса, начиная от воровства, и заканчивая торговлей оружием. Уличные киоски обычно платят половину дохода банде. Наибольший доход MS получает работая посредником в продаже наркотиков и получая дань за право торговать наркотиками на своей территории.
Посвящение в члены банды называется «прыжок внутрь» — это беспорядочные массовые удары в течение не менее 13 секунд. Существует свой безмолвный язык общения жестами «Компоновка». У банды существует своя система правосудия: «контрольный суд».
1. История
МS-13 возникла в Лос-Анджелесе в среде иммигрантов из Латинской Америки.
Банда содействует нелегальному пересечению границы, так как контролирует многие тайные приграничные тропы США—Мексики.
Через них иммигрируют и перевозят оружие и наркотики.
Одна из самых известных акций — массовая резня в автобусе (убито 28 человек).
По данным ФБР, MS13 сотрудничала с «Аль-Каидой» и в течение нескольких лет поставляла террористам различные виды стрелкового оружия.
2. Аресты
В сентябре 2005 года более 650 членов банды были арестованы в ходе масштабной спецоперации, которая проводилась одновременно в США, Мексике, Сальвадоре, Гватемале и Гондурасе. В облаве, которая продолжалась два дня, участвовало более 6400 стражей правопорядка пяти стран. Самые масштабные задержания были проведены в Сальвадоре (237 человек), Гондурасе (162), Гватемале (98) и Мексике (90). В 13 штатах США было арестовано 73 человека, причём половина из них оказалась за решёткой по подозрению в нарушении иммиграционного законодательства. При этом в одной только Калифорнии были задержаны 31 человек.
4. Источник
National Geographic Channel
5. Упоминания в массовой культуре
«Без имени» (Sin nombre) (фильм, 2009 г.)
Источник: ru./wiki/Mara_Salvatrucha
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