Глюкоза. Подсахаренная водичка – основа большинства безалкогольных напитков. Red Bull в этом смысле не исключение. На то, что глюкоза действительно «окрыляет», как рисованного идиота в рекламе, можно не рассчитывать. Многочисленные исследования последних лет опровергают теорию о существовании так называемого «сахарного кайфа». С другой стороны, глюкоза – один из самых быстроусваиваемых продуктов, поэтому практически сразу после принятия внутрь организм получает «энергетические дивиденды».
Таурин, также известный как 2-аминоэтансульфоновая кислота, был впервые выделен в 1827 году из бычьей желчи. В наши дни он производится синтетическим путем. Говорят, что именно таурин является тем волшебным эликсиром, который пробуждает в обычном человеке способности неутомимого маньяка.
На самом деле эффект таурина проявляется у разных людей по-разному, даже в той дозе, которая содержится в одной банке: он и нейротрансмиттер (в некоторых случаях действующий как успокоительное средство), и антиоксидант, замедляющий старение, и потенциальный борец с тахикардией, и непременный компонент консервов для кошек.
Глюкоронолактон. По интернету ходят слухи, что изначально это был экспериментальный препарат, изобретенный во время Вьетнамской войны и вызывающий рак мозга. К счастью, это не так, однако об осторожности забывать не следует – серьезными исследованиями свойств этого вещества никто, по сути, не занимался, поэтому большая часть информации о нем существует только на уровне слухов. Считается, что он помогает бороться с усталостью и улучшает общее состояние человека.
Кофеин. А вот и они, те самые «редбулловские» крылышки. Всеми теми благотворными эффектами, которые напиток должен на тебя оказывать, ты обязан этому белому порошку, дальнему родственнику кокаина. Он помогает сосредоточиться, улучшает эмоциональное состояние, ускоряет метаболизм, его стимулирующее действие приводит к повышению умственной и физической работоспособности, уменьшению усталости и сонливости, возбуждению дыхательного и сосудодвигательного центров. Сердечная деятельность под влиянием кофеина усиливается, однако большие дозы могут привести к истощению нервных клеток. Существует и такое понятие, как «смертельная доза кофеина» – 10 г.
Ниацин (никотиновая кислота). Ниацин также известен как витамин B3. Он увеличивает содержание в организме так называемого «хорошего холестерина » (HDL), блокируя распад триглицеридов, что приводит к уменьшению содержания жирных кислот в крови. Это, в свою очередь, снижает уровень «плохого холестерина». К несчастью, в этом напитке ниацина довольно мало, и он не настолько чист, чтобы «ударило в голову».
Натрия цитрат дигидрат. Различные бактерии с удовольствием «кушают» цитрат натрия, так как это вещество (натриевая соль лимонной кислоты) является промежуточным соединением в ходе превращения глюкозы в энергию. Оно положительно влияет на спортивные результаты. В одном тесте цитрат натрия на 17 секунд улучшил результат бегуна на 5-километровой дистанции. Цитрат натрия повышает тонус организма, причем его тонизирующее действие более мягкое и продолжительное, чем действие глюкозы.
Инозитол. Сегодня это вещество, содержащееся в мышцах животных, считается «чудо-средством», которое борется с депрессией, приступами паники, агорафобией и навязчивым неврозом. Вполне возможно, что именно благодаря этому веществу цельные зерна пшеницы являются эффективным средством против рака. В Red Bull его содержание невелико (для достижения благотворного эффекта нужно выпить за день 360 банок), так что оно вполне заслуживает отдельного напитка.
Список литературы
Синк 09 2007
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