Le massacre de Columbine la lumi re de la m moire collective
Il y a un an et demi depuis le massacre du lyc e Columbine, mais je me rappelle tout de cet v nement comme s il avait eu lieu hier. Il tait 3h20 du matin le 20 avril 1999. J avais quitt le lyc e, et j tais restais au salon de coiffeur. La t l tait en marche depuis quelque temps mais ce moment, il y avait une publicit et je lisais un magazine. Puis, c tait moi de passer dans la chaise du coiffeur, et Mark (mon coiffeur) a chang la cha ne CNN. Tout d un coup je sentais une douleur vivre Mark m avait coup le cou avec son rasoir. J ai cri Qu est-ce que tu fous ? ! ? +, et puis j ai vu que Mark regardait la t l , donc, j ai regard la t l aussi. Je n’oublierai jamais ce que j’ai vu ensuite un l ve qui tombait par la fen tre, dont le visage tait ensanglant . Puis Mark a dit C est un massacre +.
Columbine n tait pas la 1e pisode de violence scolaire aux Etats Unis; il y avait eu beaucoup de meurtres l cole, mais pour une raison ou une autre, cet v nement a chang jamais ma perspective l gard de la s curit de l cole. Avant cette trag die, j avais eu l impression que l cole tait une fortresse imp n trable, mais cette illusion a t d truite ce matin d avril.
Alors qu il est impossible de comprendre compl tement cette trag die, on peut commencer la comprendre si on se demande certaines questions sur les circonstances environnent l v nement. Pour example, on peut se demander de quoi les deux lyc ens voulaient-ils se veneger ?+ ou pourquoi avaient-ils attaqu -ils une cole plut t qu un autre symbole de l autorit ? + ou o* avaient-ils les armes n cessaires ? + Alors que beaucoup de ces questions restent sans r ponses, il est necessaire de probl matiser la situation si on veut commencer de la comprendre.
Eric Harris et Dylan Klebold taient deux gar ons qui habitaient Littleton, dans le Colorado. Ils taient des voyous qui avaient l id e qu ils pouvaient se venger de la societ . Alors, ils ont d cid d organiser le plus mauvais acte de terrorisme scolaire de l histoire. Ils ont assassin quinze personnes, y compris un prof, douze autres tudiants, et eux-m mes. Ils ont aussi dispers quelques bombes partout dans le lyc e. Je pourrais citer beaucoup plus de faits et de chiffres, mais je ne pense pas que de telles statistiques n gatives ne servent rien. L important, est que cet v nement est un des plus mauvais actes de terreur domestique qu on ait connus dans les vingt ou trente derni res ann es, et qu il a eu un efffect sur la m moire collective de tous les Am ricains.
J ai dit auparavant que le massacre de Columbine avait d truit mon image id aliste de l cole am ricaine, mais cet v nement a eu une signification beaucoup plus profonde que cela, car mon avis, c est suite cet v nement que la societ am ricaine a perdu son innocence en ce qui concerne la s curit scolaire. Oui, il y avait eu beaucoup d incidents de violence dans les coles, mais aucun des incidents n a t de l envergure de celui-ci. Cet v nement a oblig la societ am ricaine faire face au fait que les coles ne sont plus des fortresses imp n trables +, et qu ils ne sont plus l abri des attaques terroristes.
Un autre aspect important de cet v nement est le r le des armes. Tout le monde sait qu il y a des armes qui ont tu des l ves, mais on doit se demander si cette atrocit se serait produite si les armes n’avaient pas t disponibles Eric Harris et Dylan Klebold. Moi-m me (et beaucoup d autres personnes) avons l impression que ces meurtres ne se seraient pas produits si ces deux gar ons n avaient pas eu d armes leur disposition. En cons quence, la grande majorit d Am ricains ont une m moire collective caract ris e par une image tr s n gative du gouvernement am ricain qui refuse de limiter ou d emp cher la vente d armes.
En revanche, beaucoup d autres personnes et associations (comme la NRA) pr tendent que le massacre de Columbine se serait produit m me si les tudiants n’avaient pas eu acc s aux armes. Ces personnes ont donc une m moire collective n gative du massacre, mais ils insistent toujours que la faute n est pas celle des armes, mais plut t de deux jeunes s rieusement perturb s, et ils soutiennent la vertu d armes malgr cet v nement. Ces deux communaut s, et donc leurs m moires collectives, sont tr s diff rentes.
Partout aux Etats-Unis, il y a des monuments rig s la memoire des quinze personnes qui ont perdu la vie au lyc e Columbine, des chansons, des po mes, des monuments concrets, des sites de Web, et beaucoup d autres exprimes concr tesaussi. Le premier r le de ces monuments est ducatif. Il est important que tout le monde comprennent trag die afin qu un v nement pareil ne se reproduie jamais plus. Dans ce cas, il faut que la m moire collective soit une m moire n gative, afin que le r sultat final puisse tre positif.
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