Первое название группы было "MotherMcCree'sUptownJugChampions". В 1965-м сменилось на "Warlocks". В конце концов, после долгих мучений название "Grateful dead" было выбрано методом тыка в наугад открытую страницу из "Oxford Companion To Classical Music". Первоначальный состав команды выглядел так: Джерри Гарсиа (Джером Джон Гарсия, р. 1 августа 1942, Сан-Франциско, США, у. 9 августа 1995, Форест Кноллс, США; лидер-гитара), Боб Вейр (Роберт Холл, р. 16 октября 1947, Сан-Франциско; ритм-гитара), Фил Леш (Филип Чапмэн, р. 15 марта 1940, Беркли, США; бас), Рон "Пигпен" Маккернан (р. 8 сентября 1945, Сан Бруно, США, у. 8 марта 1973; клавишные) и Билл Кретцманн (р. 7 апреля 1946, Пало Альто, США; ударные). Знакомый музыкантов Стэнли Оусли, официально занимавшийся производством ЛСД, снабжал группу и всех ее друзей своим товаром в неограниченном количестве. Будучи постоянно под кайфом, парни сочиняли и записывали свою музыку. Их творчество представляло собой удивительную смесь блюза, рока, ритм-энд-блюза, обогащенную различными импровизациями. Ко времени выхода их первого альбома в 1967 году они были уже местной культовой группой.
Саунд "Grateful dead" являлся сырым с точки зрения 90-х годов, но в ту пору было круто придавать студийному альбому "концертное" звучание. Следующий диск "Anthem Of The Sun" получился еще лучше. В его создании использовались фрагменты 17 различных концертов и записи, сделанные в четырех разных студиях. Особойпопулярностьюпользовалисьвещитипа "The Faster We Go, The Rounder We Get" и "Quadlibet For Tenderfeet". Третий диск "Aoxomoxoa" включал в себя треки, сделанные в восточном стиле: "China Cat Sunflower" и "Mountains Of The Moon", где упор был сделан на "средневековый" клавесин. На концертах группа играла все более и более длительные сеты, иногда доходившие до шести часов, а легион фанатов, известный как "Deadheads", просто тащился от таких "марафонов". Толком так и неизвестно, кто больше принимал ЛСД, музыканты или фаны, однако атмосфера сейшенов была захватывающей. Взаимодействие между пронзительной гитарой Гарсиа, плавными соло и басовыми блужданиями Леша дополняли смелые джазовые аккорды ритм-гитары Вейра.
В состав к тому времени добавились второй ударник Микки Харт (р. 11 сентября 1943, Нью-Йорк, США) и второй клавишник Том Константен (он был взят для подстраховки Маккернана, имевшего серьезные проблемы с алкоголем). Именно в этой "конфигурации" в 1970-м группа произвела на свет оригинальный двойник "Live dead". Их пик импровизации лучше всего продемонстрирован на треке "Dark Star". Эта 23-минутная композиция являлась для многих воплощением всего творчества "Grateful dead". На двух последующих релизах "Workingman's Dead" и "American Beauty" чувствовалось сильное влияние "Crosby, Stills and Nash", поскольку Гарсиа участвовал в записи альбома этого коллектива. Мощные композиции типа "Uncle John's Band", "Ripple" и "Till The Morning Come" были разбавлены сентиментальными балладами ("Attics Of My Life", "Brokendown Palace" и "High Time". Эти два выдающихся альбома были подобны сестре и брату и привлекли к группе внимание намного более широкой аудитории.
Как это ни парадоксально, "Grateful dead" вернулись к выпуску концертных дисков, издав второй одноименный двойник, а через некоторое время тройник "Europe '72". После многолетних запоев в 1973 году скончался Маккернан. На смену ему пришел Кит Годчакс, прихвативший с собой жену Донну, ставшую вокалисткой в группе. Альбом 1973 года "Wake Of The Flood", сделанный с небольшим уклоном в джаз, оказался наиболее коммерчески успешным альбомом "Grateful dead". На этом и последующих дисках группа производила более сочный звук. Только на "Terrapin Station" 1977-го группа попыталась вернуться к прежнему саунду. Хотя гастрольная деятельность "Grateful dead" процветала, их студийные альбомы пользовались меньшим спросом. Годчаксы все-таки не вписывались в коллектив. Донна часто не справлялась со своими вокальными партиями, а Кит подсел на тяжелые наркотики. 21 июля 1980 года он погиб в автокатастрофе.
Диск 1980 года "Go To Heaven" с новым клавишником Брентом Мидлэндом был сделан в попсовой манере и как ни странно сопровождался их первым хитовым синглом "Alabama Getaway". Все участники "Grateful dead" серьезно увлекались наркотиками много лет и, в отличие от многих из их современников, выжили. Гарсиа, однако, в 1982-м избавился от героиновой зависимости. Это в какой-то мере объясняло его усыпляющую игру и слабый вокал в последнее время. В 1986 году он был близок к смерти, впавши в диабетическую кому. Однако он выжил и спустя семь лет "Grateful dead" возвратились на музыкальную арену с альбомом "In The Dark". Возрождение группы было встречено с диким восторгом. Гарсиа постарался стряхнуть с себя годы злоупотребления наркотой. И хотя диск 1989 года "Built To Last" был не очень удачным, на концертах музыкантов принимали тепло. В августе 1990-го от смертельной комбинации кокаина и морфия скончался Мидлэнд. Временной заменой ему был Брюс Хорнсби, пока в группу не пришел Винс Велник.
В 1990 году вышли еще два концертника "Without A Net" и "Dylan And The Dead". Деятельность группы была приостановлена, когда Гарсиа серьезно заболел легочной инфекцией. В 1993-94-м туры продолжились, и команда приступила к записи нового студийного альбома. Однако, 9 августа 1995 года у Гарсиа случился смертельный сердечный приступ. В США реакция на это событие была сопоставима смерти президента Кеннеди, Мартина Лютера Кинга, Элвиса Пресли и Джона Леннона. На пресс-конференции в декабре 1995 года члены группы объявили, что они похоронят имя "Grateful dead" вместе с Гарсиа. Все они, за исключением Кретцманна занялись впоследствии сольными проектами. В 1998-м Леш был госпитализирован с гепатитом, из-за чего на время прервалась его деятельность с Бобом Вейром в их новом проекте "Other Ones".
Состав
Jerry Garcia - лидер-гитара, вокал
Mickey Hart - ударные
Bill Kreutzmann - ударные
Phil Lesh - бас
Bob Weir - ритм-гитара
Vince Welnick - клавишные
Дискография
The Grateful Dead - 1967
Anthem Of The Sun - 1968
Live Dead - 1969
Aoxomoxoa - 1969
Workingman's Dead - 1970
American Beauty - 1970
Europe '72 - 1972
Wake Of The Flood - 1973
From The Mars Hotel - 1974
Blues For Allah - 1975
Steal Your Face - 1976
Terrapin Station - 1977
Shakedown Street - 1978
Go To Heaven - 1980
Reckoning - 1981
Dead Set - 1981
In The Dark - 1987
Dylan and the Dead - 1989
Without A Net - 1990
One From The Vault - 1991
Infrared Roses - 1991
Two From The Vault - 1992
Still Truckin' - 1993
Hundred Year Hall - 1995
Dozin' At The Knick - 1996
Fillmore East 2/11/69 - 1997
Fallout From The Phil Zone - 1997
So Many Roads (1965-1995) - 1999
Ladies And Gentleman... The Grateful Dead - 2000
Nightfall Of Diamonds - 2001
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